Vortex-Enhanced Zitterbewegung in Relativistic Electron Wave Packets
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866909925626609664 |
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| author | Guo, Zhongze Xu, Bei Gu, Qiang |
| author_facet | Guo, Zhongze Xu, Bei Gu, Qiang |
| contents | Zitterbewegung (ZBW), the trembling motion predicted by the Dirac equation, has long remained unobservable in free electrons due to its sub-Compton scale. We elaborately construct a relativistic vortex electron wave packet as a coherent superposition of both positive- and negative-energy Dirac states and derive their space-time dynamics. Our analysis demonstrates that introducing orbital angular momentum provides a mechanism for amplifying the ZBW amplitude far beyond that of conventional Gaussian packets, while maintaining coherence. The resulting relativistic vortex states unify Gaussian and Bessel-Gaussian models within a single framework and opens new possibilities for observing relativistic quantum dynamics in structured electron wave packets. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_21142 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Vortex-Enhanced Zitterbewegung in Relativistic Electron Wave Packets Guo, Zhongze Xu, Bei Gu, Qiang Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Theory Zitterbewegung (ZBW), the trembling motion predicted by the Dirac equation, has long remained unobservable in free electrons due to its sub-Compton scale. We elaborately construct a relativistic vortex electron wave packet as a coherent superposition of both positive- and negative-energy Dirac states and derive their space-time dynamics. Our analysis demonstrates that introducing orbital angular momentum provides a mechanism for amplifying the ZBW amplitude far beyond that of conventional Gaussian packets, while maintaining coherence. The resulting relativistic vortex states unify Gaussian and Bessel-Gaussian models within a single framework and opens new possibilities for observing relativistic quantum dynamics in structured electron wave packets. |
| title | Vortex-Enhanced Zitterbewegung in Relativistic Electron Wave Packets |
| topic | Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.21142 |