Amplifiers or Equalizers? A Longitudinal Study of LLM Evolution in Software Engineering Project-Based Learning

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kataoka, Hana, Li, Jialong, Matsuno, Yutaka
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866917111567220736
author Kataoka, Hana
Li, Jialong
Matsuno, Yutaka
author_facet Kataoka, Hana
Li, Jialong
Matsuno, Yutaka
contents As LLMs reshape software development, integrating LLM-augmented practices into SE education has become imperative. While existing studies explore LLMs' educational use in introductory programming or isolated SE tasks, their impact in more open-ended Project-Based Learning (PBL) remains unexplored. This paper introduces a two-year longitudinal study comparing a 2024 (using early free LLMs, $n$=48) and 2025 (using the latest paid LLMs, $n$=46) cohort. Our findings suggest the latest powerful LLMs' dual role: they act as "equalizers," boosting average performance even for programming-weak students, providing opportunities for more authentic SE practices; yet also as "amplifiers," dramatically widening absolute performance gaps, creating new pedagogical challenges for addressing educational inequities.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_23157
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Amplifiers or Equalizers? A Longitudinal Study of LLM Evolution in Software Engineering Project-Based Learning
Kataoka, Hana
Li, Jialong
Matsuno, Yutaka
Software Engineering
Human-Computer Interaction
As LLMs reshape software development, integrating LLM-augmented practices into SE education has become imperative. While existing studies explore LLMs' educational use in introductory programming or isolated SE tasks, their impact in more open-ended Project-Based Learning (PBL) remains unexplored. This paper introduces a two-year longitudinal study comparing a 2024 (using early free LLMs, $n$=48) and 2025 (using the latest paid LLMs, $n$=46) cohort. Our findings suggest the latest powerful LLMs' dual role: they act as "equalizers," boosting average performance even for programming-weak students, providing opportunities for more authentic SE practices; yet also as "amplifiers," dramatically widening absolute performance gaps, creating new pedagogical challenges for addressing educational inequities.
title Amplifiers or Equalizers? A Longitudinal Study of LLM Evolution in Software Engineering Project-Based Learning
topic Software Engineering
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.23157