First Steps towards Machine Learning for Prediction and Pre-Correction in Direct Laser Writing

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Enns, Sven, Hering-Stratemeier, Julian, von Freymann, Georg
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Enns, Sven
Hering-Stratemeier, Julian
von Freymann, Georg
author_facet Enns, Sven
Hering-Stratemeier, Julian
von Freymann, Georg
contents Additive manufacturing using 2-Photon Polymerization (2PP, aka direct laser writing DLW) enables the fabrication of almost arbitrary complex 3D structures from the meso to the submicron scale. However, deviations between the anticipated target structure and the actual print often occur due to physico-chemical processes, limiting the accuracy and reliability of this technology. To minimize these deviations, we hereby present our latest research in developing different neural networks, targeting the above-mentioned aspect. Our networks are trained on several experimental as well as theoretical datasets and show good results in predicting fabrication deviations and (pre-) correcting 2.5D micro-structures. Hence, we demonstrate, that besides conventional iterative correction methods, neural networks are a promising alternative to significantly improving the output quality in DLW. Furthermore, there are no fundamental limitations to transferring this machine learning approach to other 3D printing technologies, as they all face the same challenge in terms of fidelity. To our point of view, the use of neural networks has the potential to enhance the capabilities of this technology, enabling the creation of complex structures with increased accuracy and precision in the near future.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_23306
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle First Steps towards Machine Learning for Prediction and Pre-Correction in Direct Laser Writing
Enns, Sven
Hering-Stratemeier, Julian
von Freymann, Georg
Optics
Additive manufacturing using 2-Photon Polymerization (2PP, aka direct laser writing DLW) enables the fabrication of almost arbitrary complex 3D structures from the meso to the submicron scale. However, deviations between the anticipated target structure and the actual print often occur due to physico-chemical processes, limiting the accuracy and reliability of this technology. To minimize these deviations, we hereby present our latest research in developing different neural networks, targeting the above-mentioned aspect. Our networks are trained on several experimental as well as theoretical datasets and show good results in predicting fabrication deviations and (pre-) correcting 2.5D micro-structures. Hence, we demonstrate, that besides conventional iterative correction methods, neural networks are a promising alternative to significantly improving the output quality in DLW. Furthermore, there are no fundamental limitations to transferring this machine learning approach to other 3D printing technologies, as they all face the same challenge in terms of fidelity. To our point of view, the use of neural networks has the potential to enhance the capabilities of this technology, enabling the creation of complex structures with increased accuracy and precision in the near future.
title First Steps towards Machine Learning for Prediction and Pre-Correction in Direct Laser Writing
topic Optics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.23306