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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.23360 |
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| _version_ | 1866909932156092416 |
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| author | Wang, Hsuan-Sen Kuan, Wen-Hsuan El-Mahdy, Ahmed F. M. Lin, Gong-Ru Lin, Kuei-Huei Kuo, Shiao-Wei Lee, Chao-Kuei |
| author_facet | Wang, Hsuan-Sen Kuan, Wen-Hsuan El-Mahdy, Ahmed F. M. Lin, Gong-Ru Lin, Kuei-Huei Kuo, Shiao-Wei Lee, Chao-Kuei |
| contents | We demonstrate optical bistability in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a low saturation intensity covalent organic framework (COF) saturable absorber (SA). The COF-SA satisfies the free-energy criterion for bistability, enabling switching among non-lasing, continuous-wave, and mode-locking states. Two optical bistability regions are observed, including a distinctive direct mode-locking to non-lasing transition during pump down-sweep, absent in previous EDFL studies. Stable soliton-like pulses and stepwise pulse-number hysteresis further indicate first-order phase-transition-like dynamics. These results show that low-saturation intensity SAs offer a compact route to bistability-assisted pulse formation in fiber lasers. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2511_23360 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Optical bistability of continuous-wave and multi-pulse phase transition within EDFL via low threshold saturable absorber Wang, Hsuan-Sen Kuan, Wen-Hsuan El-Mahdy, Ahmed F. M. Lin, Gong-Ru Lin, Kuei-Huei Kuo, Shiao-Wei Lee, Chao-Kuei Optics We demonstrate optical bistability in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a low saturation intensity covalent organic framework (COF) saturable absorber (SA). The COF-SA satisfies the free-energy criterion for bistability, enabling switching among non-lasing, continuous-wave, and mode-locking states. Two optical bistability regions are observed, including a distinctive direct mode-locking to non-lasing transition during pump down-sweep, absent in previous EDFL studies. Stable soliton-like pulses and stepwise pulse-number hysteresis further indicate first-order phase-transition-like dynamics. These results show that low-saturation intensity SAs offer a compact route to bistability-assisted pulse formation in fiber lasers. |
| title | Optical bistability of continuous-wave and multi-pulse phase transition within EDFL via low threshold saturable absorber |
| topic | Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.23360 |