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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.00416 |
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| _version_ | 1866908681577168896 |
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| author | Benmoussa, Abdelhay |
| author_facet | Benmoussa, Abdelhay |
| contents | We investigate the algebra generated by the operators $x$ and $\mathrm{I} = \int_0^x$, which satisfy the commutation relation \[ [\mathrm{I},x] = \mathrm{I}x - x\mathrm{I} = - \mathrm{I}^2. \] We develop a combinatorial framework for the normal ordering of words in this algebra and show that any word can be written in the form \[ w = \sum_{i,j} c(i,j) \, x^i \mathrm{I}^j, \] where the coefficients $c(i,j)$ are signed integers. Focusing on powers of the operator $(x\mathrm{I})^n$, we demonstrate that the corresponding coefficients coincide with the classical Bessel numbers (OEIS A001498). We further extend this analysis to powers of the generalized operators $(x^λ\mathrm{I}^δ)^n$ and, finally, provide an explicit normal-ordered expression for an arbitrary word. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_00416 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Normal Ordering in the Algebra Generated by $x$ and $\mathrm{I}$ and a Combinatorial Generalization of Bessel Numbers Benmoussa, Abdelhay Combinatorics 11B83, 26A36, 44A45 We investigate the algebra generated by the operators $x$ and $\mathrm{I} = \int_0^x$, which satisfy the commutation relation \[ [\mathrm{I},x] = \mathrm{I}x - x\mathrm{I} = - \mathrm{I}^2. \] We develop a combinatorial framework for the normal ordering of words in this algebra and show that any word can be written in the form \[ w = \sum_{i,j} c(i,j) \, x^i \mathrm{I}^j, \] where the coefficients $c(i,j)$ are signed integers. Focusing on powers of the operator $(x\mathrm{I})^n$, we demonstrate that the corresponding coefficients coincide with the classical Bessel numbers (OEIS A001498). We further extend this analysis to powers of the generalized operators $(x^λ\mathrm{I}^δ)^n$ and, finally, provide an explicit normal-ordered expression for an arbitrary word. |
| title | Normal Ordering in the Algebra Generated by $x$ and $\mathrm{I}$ and a Combinatorial Generalization of Bessel Numbers |
| topic | Combinatorics 11B83, 26A36, 44A45 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.00416 |