Possible quasi-periodic optical oscillations of ZTF blazars
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866911295162286080 |
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| author | Wang, Na Ren, Guowei Zhang, Shun Yi, Tingfeng Liu, Tong Sun, Mouyuan |
| author_facet | Wang, Na Ren, Guowei Zhang, Shun Yi, Tingfeng Liu, Tong Sun, Mouyuan |
| contents | Based on the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), we selected 10 blazars as our sample sources. Among these, we found four blazars (J 0923.5+4125, J 1221.3+3010, J 1503.5+4759, and J 1652.7+4024) showing possible indications of quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs) modulation. We conducted a detailed analysis of their optical light curves (g- and r-bands) over the past five years using the root mean square (RMS)-Flux relation, flux distribution, and QPO detection methods to investigate their variability characteristics. A linear RMS-Flux relation is present in both bands, and their flux distributions follow a log-normal form. This suggests that optical variability may arise from multiplicative, nonlinear processes across different timescales and flux states. Further QPO analysis using the weighted wavelet Z-transform (WWZ), Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP), and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methods identified candidate periodic signals in four blazars. J 0923.5+4125 (period $\sim$ 205 days) and J 1221.3+3010 ($\sim$ 630 days) show local significances of $\sim 3 σ$, whereas J 1503.5+4759 ($\sim$ 38.5 days) and J 1652.7+4024 ($\sim$ 48 days) reach $\sim 4 σ$. After accounting for the look-elsewhere effect, the global significances for J 1503.5+4759 in the g- and r-bands are $\sim 2.7 σ$, while for J 1652.7+4024 they are approximately $\sim 2.5 σ$ in both bands. These two blazars warrant further monitoring and investigation. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_00871 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Possible quasi-periodic optical oscillations of ZTF blazars Wang, Na Ren, Guowei Zhang, Shun Yi, Tingfeng Liu, Tong Sun, Mouyuan Astrophysics of Galaxies High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Based on the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), we selected 10 blazars as our sample sources. Among these, we found four blazars (J 0923.5+4125, J 1221.3+3010, J 1503.5+4759, and J 1652.7+4024) showing possible indications of quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs) modulation. We conducted a detailed analysis of their optical light curves (g- and r-bands) over the past five years using the root mean square (RMS)-Flux relation, flux distribution, and QPO detection methods to investigate their variability characteristics. A linear RMS-Flux relation is present in both bands, and their flux distributions follow a log-normal form. This suggests that optical variability may arise from multiplicative, nonlinear processes across different timescales and flux states. Further QPO analysis using the weighted wavelet Z-transform (WWZ), Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP), and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methods identified candidate periodic signals in four blazars. J 0923.5+4125 (period $\sim$ 205 days) and J 1221.3+3010 ($\sim$ 630 days) show local significances of $\sim 3 σ$, whereas J 1503.5+4759 ($\sim$ 38.5 days) and J 1652.7+4024 ($\sim$ 48 days) reach $\sim 4 σ$. After accounting for the look-elsewhere effect, the global significances for J 1503.5+4759 in the g- and r-bands are $\sim 2.7 σ$, while for J 1652.7+4024 they are approximately $\sim 2.5 σ$ in both bands. These two blazars warrant further monitoring and investigation. |
| title | Possible quasi-periodic optical oscillations of ZTF blazars |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.00871 |