Gravitational waves from flavoured SU(2) early-universe phase transitions
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Chrysostomou, Anna Cornell, Alan S. Darmé, Luc Deandrea, Aldo Demartini, Thibault |
| author_facet | Chrysostomou, Anna Cornell, Alan S. Darmé, Luc Deandrea, Aldo Demartini, Thibault |
| contents | Flavourful extensions of the Standard Model aimed at explaining its fermionic mass structure typically rely on symmetries, broken at high-energy scales far beyond the reach of foreseeable direct collider searches. We illustrate, using a $SU(2)$ flavour gauge group, that the breaking of these symmetries up to scales as high as $10^7$ GeV could generate a gravitational-wave signal potentially observable by future observatories. We use dimensional reduction techniques to obtain the finite-temperature effective potential and study the possible first-order phase transitions. We match these transitions to steady-state hydrodynamical solutions in order to determine the corresponding gravitational-wave spectra. We observe that order-one gauge couplings are always required for a first-order phase transition to occur. On the other hand, adding leptoquarks (as an example of particles that are typically present in a complete flavour theory) significantly extends the testable parameter space. We find excellent prospects at the Einstein Telescope for future gravitational-wave detection of flavoured $SU(2)$ early-universe phase transitions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_02148 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gravitational waves from flavoured SU(2) early-universe phase transitions Chrysostomou, Anna Cornell, Alan S. Darmé, Luc Deandrea, Aldo Demartini, Thibault High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory Flavourful extensions of the Standard Model aimed at explaining its fermionic mass structure typically rely on symmetries, broken at high-energy scales far beyond the reach of foreseeable direct collider searches. We illustrate, using a $SU(2)$ flavour gauge group, that the breaking of these symmetries up to scales as high as $10^7$ GeV could generate a gravitational-wave signal potentially observable by future observatories. We use dimensional reduction techniques to obtain the finite-temperature effective potential and study the possible first-order phase transitions. We match these transitions to steady-state hydrodynamical solutions in order to determine the corresponding gravitational-wave spectra. We observe that order-one gauge couplings are always required for a first-order phase transition to occur. On the other hand, adding leptoquarks (as an example of particles that are typically present in a complete flavour theory) significantly extends the testable parameter space. We find excellent prospects at the Einstein Telescope for future gravitational-wave detection of flavoured $SU(2)$ early-universe phase transitions. |
| title | Gravitational waves from flavoured SU(2) early-universe phase transitions |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.02148 |