Laplace Approximation For Tensor Train Kernel Machines In System Identification

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Hauptverfasser: Saiapin, Albert, Batselier, Kim
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Saiapin, Albert
Batselier, Kim
author_facet Saiapin, Albert
Batselier, Kim
contents To address the scalability limitations of Gaussian process (GP) regression, several approximation techniques have been proposed. One such method is based on tensor networks, which utilizes an exponential number of basis functions without incurring exponential computational cost. However, extending this model to a fully probabilistic formulation introduces several design challenges. In particular, for tensor train (TT) models, it is unclear which TT-core should be treated in a Bayesian manner. We introduce a Bayesian tensor train kernel machine that applies Laplace approximation to estimate the posterior distribution over a selected TT-core and employs variational inference (VI) for precision hyperparameters. Experiments show that core selection is largely independent of TT-ranks and feature structure, and that VI replaces cross-validation while offering up to 65x faster training. The method's effectiveness is demonstrated on an inverse dynamics problem.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_02532
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Laplace Approximation For Tensor Train Kernel Machines In System Identification
Saiapin, Albert
Batselier, Kim
Machine Learning
To address the scalability limitations of Gaussian process (GP) regression, several approximation techniques have been proposed. One such method is based on tensor networks, which utilizes an exponential number of basis functions without incurring exponential computational cost. However, extending this model to a fully probabilistic formulation introduces several design challenges. In particular, for tensor train (TT) models, it is unclear which TT-core should be treated in a Bayesian manner. We introduce a Bayesian tensor train kernel machine that applies Laplace approximation to estimate the posterior distribution over a selected TT-core and employs variational inference (VI) for precision hyperparameters. Experiments show that core selection is largely independent of TT-ranks and feature structure, and that VI replaces cross-validation while offering up to 65x faster training. The method's effectiveness is demonstrated on an inverse dynamics problem.
title Laplace Approximation For Tensor Train Kernel Machines In System Identification
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.02532