Observation of non-Hermitian many-body phase transition in a Rydberg-atom array
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866915648883392512 |
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| author | Zhang, Yao-Wen Xu, Biao Zhou, Yijia Xiang, De-Sheng Liu, Hao-Xiang Zhou, Peng Zhang, Kuan Liao, Ren Pohl, Thomas Li, Weibin Li, Lin |
| author_facet | Zhang, Yao-Wen Xu, Biao Zhou, Yijia Xiang, De-Sheng Liu, Hao-Xiang Zhou, Peng Zhang, Kuan Liao, Ren Pohl, Thomas Li, Weibin Li, Lin |
| contents | Non-Hermitian quantum mechanics with parity-time (PT) symmetry offers a powerful framework for exploring the complex interplay of dissipation and coherent interactions in open quantum systems. While PT-symmetry breaking has been studied in various physical systems, its observation on a quantum many-body level remains elusive. Here, we experimentally realize a non-Hermitian XY model in a strongly-interacting Rydberg-atom array. By measuring the Loschmidt Echo of a fully polarized state, we observe distinct dynamical signatures of a PT-symmetry-breaking phase transition. Dipole interactions are found to play a crucial role, not only determining the transition point but also triggering a non-Hermitian many-body blockade effect that protects the Loschmidt Echo from decay with a non-monotonic dependence on the system size. Our results reveal intricate interaction-induced effects on PT-symmetry breaking and open the door for exploring non-Hermitian many-body dynamics beyond single-particle and mean-field paradigms. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_02753 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Observation of non-Hermitian many-body phase transition in a Rydberg-atom array Zhang, Yao-Wen Xu, Biao Zhou, Yijia Xiang, De-Sheng Liu, Hao-Xiang Zhou, Peng Zhang, Kuan Liao, Ren Pohl, Thomas Li, Weibin Li, Lin Quantum Physics Atomic Physics Non-Hermitian quantum mechanics with parity-time (PT) symmetry offers a powerful framework for exploring the complex interplay of dissipation and coherent interactions in open quantum systems. While PT-symmetry breaking has been studied in various physical systems, its observation on a quantum many-body level remains elusive. Here, we experimentally realize a non-Hermitian XY model in a strongly-interacting Rydberg-atom array. By measuring the Loschmidt Echo of a fully polarized state, we observe distinct dynamical signatures of a PT-symmetry-breaking phase transition. Dipole interactions are found to play a crucial role, not only determining the transition point but also triggering a non-Hermitian many-body blockade effect that protects the Loschmidt Echo from decay with a non-monotonic dependence on the system size. Our results reveal intricate interaction-induced effects on PT-symmetry breaking and open the door for exploring non-Hermitian many-body dynamics beyond single-particle and mean-field paradigms. |
| title | Observation of non-Hermitian many-body phase transition in a Rydberg-atom array |
| topic | Quantum Physics Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.02753 |