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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.03357 |
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| _version_ | 1866914178439053312 |
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| author | Zhou, Rongzi Leung, Dylan M. H. Poon, Jason S. C. Chu, Ming-Chung |
| author_facet | Zhou, Rongzi Leung, Dylan M. H. Poon, Jason S. C. Chu, Ming-Chung |
| contents | Ultra-light bosonic dark matter (ULDM) is an interesting and promising dark matter candidate. While the wave-like nature of ULDM has been widely studied in the literature, we explore another distinctive feature of ULDM as Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) in this paper: the emergence of vortices in a rotating BEC-ULDM halos. Using numerical solution of the GPP equation, we demonstrate that a lattice of vortices ,underdensity columns that carry angular momentum, naturally forms in a ULDM halo under conditions similar to those of the Milky Way. Furthermore, we study the gravitational lensing by these vortices as a possible observational signature of BEC-ULDM. If the vortices are large enough and the halo's rotational axis align with the line of sight, regularly separated brightness anomalies can be produced, providing strong evidence for BEC-ULDM. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_03357 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | BEC vortices as an observational signature of ultra-light bosonic dark matter Zhou, Rongzi Leung, Dylan M. H. Poon, Jason S. C. Chu, Ming-Chung Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Ultra-light bosonic dark matter (ULDM) is an interesting and promising dark matter candidate. While the wave-like nature of ULDM has been widely studied in the literature, we explore another distinctive feature of ULDM as Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) in this paper: the emergence of vortices in a rotating BEC-ULDM halos. Using numerical solution of the GPP equation, we demonstrate that a lattice of vortices ,underdensity columns that carry angular momentum, naturally forms in a ULDM halo under conditions similar to those of the Milky Way. Furthermore, we study the gravitational lensing by these vortices as a possible observational signature of BEC-ULDM. If the vortices are large enough and the halo's rotational axis align with the line of sight, regularly separated brightness anomalies can be produced, providing strong evidence for BEC-ULDM. |
| title | BEC vortices as an observational signature of ultra-light bosonic dark matter |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.03357 |