Resolving the Multiple Component Outflows in PG 1211+143: I. The Fe-K Absorption Structure and UFO Forest
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2025
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| author | Mizumoto, Misaki Reeves, James N. Braito, Valentina Behar, Ehud Done, Chris Hagino, Kouichi Kraemer, Steven B. Matzeu, Gabriele A. Noda, Hirofumi Nomura, Mariko Ogawa, Shoji Ohsuga, Ken Tanimoto, Atsushi Turner, Tracey J. Ueda, Yoshihiro Yamada, Satoshi Ganguly, Sreeparna Somenzi, Paolo |
| author_facet | Mizumoto, Misaki Reeves, James N. Braito, Valentina Behar, Ehud Done, Chris Hagino, Kouichi Kraemer, Steven B. Matzeu, Gabriele A. Noda, Hirofumi Nomura, Mariko Ogawa, Shoji Ohsuga, Ken Tanimoto, Atsushi Turner, Tracey J. Ueda, Yoshihiro Yamada, Satoshi Ganguly, Sreeparna Somenzi, Paolo |
| contents | We present the initial high-resolution X-ray spectroscopic observations of the Fe-K absorption structure in the luminous nearby quasar PG 1211+143, utilizing the X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM). The primary objective is to characterize the Fe-K absorption features due to Ultra-Fast Outflow (UFO) in this Eddington-luminosity source. Observations were conducted with XRISM's Resolve and Xtend instruments, complemented by simultaneous data from XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. A historically bright phase was captured. The Resolve spectra clearly reveal a prominent P Cygni profile and resolves the Fe-K absorption into six distinct velocity components, ranging from $v = -0.074c$ to $-0.405c$. A similar superposition of multiple UFOs has been reported in PDS~456, suggesting that such a ``UFO forest'' structure may be a common feature of near Eddington-luminosity sources. Some UFO components exhibit narrow line widths of approximately $σ\sim 200\,\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$, which may indicate that the outflows have reached their terminal velocities, thereby resulting in a smaller velocity shear. The mass outflow rate is estimated to be $\dot{M}_\mathrm{out} \sim 1~M_{\odot}~\text{yr}^{-1}$, which is of the order of the Eddington accretion rate. This suggests a physically plausible scenario where the outflow is a significant channel for mass ejection. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_03533 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Resolving the Multiple Component Outflows in PG 1211+143: I. The Fe-K Absorption Structure and UFO Forest Mizumoto, Misaki Reeves, James N. Braito, Valentina Behar, Ehud Done, Chris Hagino, Kouichi Kraemer, Steven B. Matzeu, Gabriele A. Noda, Hirofumi Nomura, Mariko Ogawa, Shoji Ohsuga, Ken Tanimoto, Atsushi Turner, Tracey J. Ueda, Yoshihiro Yamada, Satoshi Ganguly, Sreeparna Somenzi, Paolo High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We present the initial high-resolution X-ray spectroscopic observations of the Fe-K absorption structure in the luminous nearby quasar PG 1211+143, utilizing the X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM). The primary objective is to characterize the Fe-K absorption features due to Ultra-Fast Outflow (UFO) in this Eddington-luminosity source. Observations were conducted with XRISM's Resolve and Xtend instruments, complemented by simultaneous data from XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. A historically bright phase was captured. The Resolve spectra clearly reveal a prominent P Cygni profile and resolves the Fe-K absorption into six distinct velocity components, ranging from $v = -0.074c$ to $-0.405c$. A similar superposition of multiple UFOs has been reported in PDS~456, suggesting that such a ``UFO forest'' structure may be a common feature of near Eddington-luminosity sources. Some UFO components exhibit narrow line widths of approximately $σ\sim 200\,\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$, which may indicate that the outflows have reached their terminal velocities, thereby resulting in a smaller velocity shear. The mass outflow rate is estimated to be $\dot{M}_\mathrm{out} \sim 1~M_{\odot}~\text{yr}^{-1}$, which is of the order of the Eddington accretion rate. This suggests a physically plausible scenario where the outflow is a significant channel for mass ejection. |
| title | Resolving the Multiple Component Outflows in PG 1211+143: I. The Fe-K Absorption Structure and UFO Forest |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.03533 |