CartoMapQA: A Fundamental Benchmark Dataset Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Cartographic Map Understanding

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Auteurs principaux: Ung, Huy Quang, Habault, Guillaume, Nishimura, Yasutaka, Niu, Hao, Legaspi, Roberto, Oya, Tomoki, Kojima, Ryoichi, Taya, Masato, Ono, Chihiro, Minamikawa, Atsunori, Liu, Yan
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Ung, Huy Quang
Habault, Guillaume
Nishimura, Yasutaka
Niu, Hao
Legaspi, Roberto
Oya, Tomoki
Kojima, Ryoichi
Taya, Masato
Ono, Chihiro
Minamikawa, Atsunori
Liu, Yan
author_facet Ung, Huy Quang
Habault, Guillaume
Nishimura, Yasutaka
Niu, Hao
Legaspi, Roberto
Oya, Tomoki
Kojima, Ryoichi
Taya, Masato
Ono, Chihiro
Minamikawa, Atsunori
Liu, Yan
contents The rise of Visual-Language Models (LVLMs) has unlocked new possibilities for seamlessly integrating visual and textual information. However, their ability to interpret cartographic maps remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we introduce CartoMapQA, a benchmark specifically designed to evaluate LVLMs' understanding of cartographic maps through question-answering tasks. The dataset includes over 2000 samples, each composed of a cartographic map, a question (with open-ended or multiple-choice answers), and a ground-truth answer. These tasks span key low-, mid- and high-level map interpretation skills, including symbol recognition, embedded information extraction, scale interpretation, and route-based reasoning. Our evaluation of both open-source and proprietary LVLMs reveals persistent challenges: models frequently struggle with map-specific semantics, exhibit limited geospatial reasoning, and are prone to Optical Character Recognition (OCR)-related errors. By isolating these weaknesses, CartoMapQA offers a valuable tool for guiding future improvements in LVLM architectures. Ultimately, it supports the development of models better equipped for real-world applications that depend on robust and reliable map understanding, such as navigation, geographic search, and urban planning. Our source code and data are openly available to the research community at: https://github.com/ungquanghuy-kddi/CartoMapQA.git
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_03558
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle CartoMapQA: A Fundamental Benchmark Dataset Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Cartographic Map Understanding
Ung, Huy Quang
Habault, Guillaume
Nishimura, Yasutaka
Niu, Hao
Legaspi, Roberto
Oya, Tomoki
Kojima, Ryoichi
Taya, Masato
Ono, Chihiro
Minamikawa, Atsunori
Liu, Yan
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Computation and Language
The rise of Visual-Language Models (LVLMs) has unlocked new possibilities for seamlessly integrating visual and textual information. However, their ability to interpret cartographic maps remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we introduce CartoMapQA, a benchmark specifically designed to evaluate LVLMs' understanding of cartographic maps through question-answering tasks. The dataset includes over 2000 samples, each composed of a cartographic map, a question (with open-ended or multiple-choice answers), and a ground-truth answer. These tasks span key low-, mid- and high-level map interpretation skills, including symbol recognition, embedded information extraction, scale interpretation, and route-based reasoning. Our evaluation of both open-source and proprietary LVLMs reveals persistent challenges: models frequently struggle with map-specific semantics, exhibit limited geospatial reasoning, and are prone to Optical Character Recognition (OCR)-related errors. By isolating these weaknesses, CartoMapQA offers a valuable tool for guiding future improvements in LVLM architectures. Ultimately, it supports the development of models better equipped for real-world applications that depend on robust and reliable map understanding, such as navigation, geographic search, and urban planning. Our source code and data are openly available to the research community at: https://github.com/ungquanghuy-kddi/CartoMapQA.git
title CartoMapQA: A Fundamental Benchmark Dataset Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Cartographic Map Understanding
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.03558