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Precise $^{136}$Xe Double Beta Decay Measurement in PandaX-4T with Implications on the Nuclear Matrix Elements and Majorons

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Main Authors:	PandaX Collaboration, Yuan, Zhe, Bo, Zihao, Chen, Wei, Chen, Xun, Chen, Yunhua, Cheng, Chen, Cui, Xiangyi, Deng, Manna, Fan, Yingjie, Fang, Deqing, Fu, Xuanye, Gao, Zhixing, Ge, Yujie, Geng, Lisheng, Giboni, Karl, Guo, Xunan, Guo, Xuyuan, Guo, Zichao, Han, Chencheng, Han, Ke, He, Changda, He, Jinrong, Huang, Houqi, Huang, Junting, Huang, Yule, Hou, Ruquan, Ji, Xiangdong, Ju, Yonglin, Lan, Xiaorun, Li, Chenxiang, Li, Jiafu, Li, Mingchuan, Li, Peiyuan, Li, Shuaijie, Li, Tao, Li, Yangdong, Li, Zhiyuan, Lin, Qing, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Yuanchun, Lu, Congcong, Lu, Xiaoying, Luo, Lingyin, Luo, Yunyang, Ma, Yugang, Mao, Yajun, Meng, Yue, Pang, Binyu, Qi, Ningchun, Qian, Zhicheng, Ren, Xiangxiang, Shan, Dong, Shang, Xiaofeng, Shao, Xiyuan, Shen, Guofang, Shen, Manbin, Sun, Wenliang, Sun, Xuyan, Tao, Yi, Tian, Yueqiang, Tian, Yuxin, Wang, Anqing, Wang, Guanbo, Wang, Hao, Wang, Haoyu, Wang, Jiamin, Wang, Lei, Wang, Meng, Wang, Qiuhong, Wang, Shaobo, Wang, Shibo, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Xu, Wang, Zhou, Wei, Yuehuan, Wu, Weihao, Wu, Yuan, Xiao, Mengjiao, Xiao, Xiang, Xiong, Kaizhi, Xu, Jianqin, Xu, Yifan, Yao, Shunyu, Yan, Binbin, Yan, Xiyu, Yang, Yong, Ye, Peihua, Yu, Chunxu, Yuan, Ying, Yun, Youhui, Zeng, Xinning, Zhang, Minzhen, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Shibo, Zhang, Siyuan, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Tao, Zhang, Wei, Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yingxin, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhao, Li, Zhao, Kangkang, Zhou, Jifang, Zhou, Jiaxu, Zhou, Jiayi, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, Xiaopeng, Zhou, Zhizhen, Zhu, Chenhui, Fang, Dong-Liang, Li, Yu-Feng
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	Nuclear Experiment High Energy Physics - Experiment
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	PandaX Collaboration Yuan, Zhe Bo, Zihao Chen, Wei Chen, Xun Chen, Yunhua Cheng, Chen Cui, Xiangyi Deng, Manna Fan, Yingjie Fang, Deqing Fu, Xuanye Gao, Zhixing Ge, Yujie Geng, Lisheng Giboni, Karl Guo, Xunan Guo, Xuyuan Guo, Zichao Han, Chencheng Han, Ke He, Changda He, Jinrong Huang, Houqi Huang, Junting Huang, Yule Hou, Ruquan Ji, Xiangdong Ju, Yonglin Lan, Xiaorun Li, Chenxiang Li, Jiafu Li, Mingchuan Li, Peiyuan Li, Shuaijie Li, Tao Li, Yangdong Li, Zhiyuan Lin, Qing Liu, Jianglai Liu, Yuanchun Lu, Congcong Lu, Xiaoying Luo, Lingyin Luo, Yunyang Ma, Yugang Mao, Yajun Meng, Yue Pang, Binyu Qi, Ningchun Qian, Zhicheng Ren, Xiangxiang Shan, Dong Shang, Xiaofeng Shao, Xiyuan Shen, Guofang Shen, Manbin Sun, Wenliang Sun, Xuyan Tao, Yi Tian, Yueqiang Tian, Yuxin Wang, Anqing Wang, Guanbo Wang, Hao Wang, Haoyu Wang, Jiamin Wang, Lei Wang, Meng Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Shaobo Wang, Shibo Wang, Siguang Wang, Wei Wang, Xu Wang, Zhou Wei, Yuehuan Wu, Weihao Wu, Yuan Xiao, Mengjiao Xiao, Xiang Xiong, Kaizhi Xu, Jianqin Xu, Yifan Yao, Shunyu Yan, Binbin Yan, Xiyu Yang, Yong Ye, Peihua Yu, Chunxu Yuan, Ying Yun, Youhui Zeng, Xinning Zhang, Minzhen Zhang, Peng Zhang, Shibo Zhang, Siyuan Zhang, Shu Zhang, Tao Zhang, Wei Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yingxin Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Li Zhao, Kangkang Zhou, Jifang Zhou, Jiaxu Zhou, Jiayi Zhou, Ning Zhou, Xiaopeng Zhou, Zhizhen Zhu, Chenhui Fang, Dong-Liang Li, Yu-Feng
author_facet	PandaX Collaboration Yuan, Zhe Bo, Zihao Chen, Wei Chen, Xun Chen, Yunhua Cheng, Chen Cui, Xiangyi Deng, Manna Fan, Yingjie Fang, Deqing Fu, Xuanye Gao, Zhixing Ge, Yujie Geng, Lisheng Giboni, Karl Guo, Xunan Guo, Xuyuan Guo, Zichao Han, Chencheng Han, Ke He, Changda He, Jinrong Huang, Houqi Huang, Junting Huang, Yule Hou, Ruquan Ji, Xiangdong Ju, Yonglin Lan, Xiaorun Li, Chenxiang Li, Jiafu Li, Mingchuan Li, Peiyuan Li, Shuaijie Li, Tao Li, Yangdong Li, Zhiyuan Lin, Qing Liu, Jianglai Liu, Yuanchun Lu, Congcong Lu, Xiaoying Luo, Lingyin Luo, Yunyang Ma, Yugang Mao, Yajun Meng, Yue Pang, Binyu Qi, Ningchun Qian, Zhicheng Ren, Xiangxiang Shan, Dong Shang, Xiaofeng Shao, Xiyuan Shen, Guofang Shen, Manbin Sun, Wenliang Sun, Xuyan Tao, Yi Tian, Yueqiang Tian, Yuxin Wang, Anqing Wang, Guanbo Wang, Hao Wang, Haoyu Wang, Jiamin Wang, Lei Wang, Meng Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Shaobo Wang, Shibo Wang, Siguang Wang, Wei Wang, Xu Wang, Zhou Wei, Yuehuan Wu, Weihao Wu, Yuan Xiao, Mengjiao Xiao, Xiang Xiong, Kaizhi Xu, Jianqin Xu, Yifan Yao, Shunyu Yan, Binbin Yan, Xiyu Yang, Yong Ye, Peihua Yu, Chunxu Yuan, Ying Yun, Youhui Zeng, Xinning Zhang, Minzhen Zhang, Peng Zhang, Shibo Zhang, Siyuan Zhang, Shu Zhang, Tao Zhang, Wei Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yingxin Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Li Zhao, Kangkang Zhou, Jifang Zhou, Jiaxu Zhou, Jiayi Zhou, Ning Zhou, Xiaopeng Zhou, Zhizhen Zhu, Chenhui Fang, Dong-Liang Li, Yu-Feng
contents	The continuous spectrum of double beta decay ($ββ$) provides a sensitive probe to test the predictions of the standard model and to search for signatures of new physics beyond it. We present a comprehensive analysis of the $^{136}$Xe $ββ$ spectrum utilizing $39.1 \pm 0.7~\textrm{kg}\cdot\textrm{yr}$ of $^{136}$Xe exposure from the PandaX-4T experiment. The analysis yields the most precise measurement to date of the $^{136}$Xe two-neutrino double beta decay ($2νββ$) half-life, $(2.14 \pm 0.05) \times 10^{21}$ years, the uncertainty of which is reduced by a factor of 2 compared to our previous result. We measure the parameter $ξ_{31}^{2ν}$, defined as the ratio between the subleading and leading components of the $^{136}$Xe $2νββ$ nuclear matrix element, to be $0.59^{+0.41}_{-0.38}$, which is consistent with theoretical predictions. We also search for Majoron-emitting modes of $^{136}$Xe $ββ$, establishing the most stringent limit for the spectral index $n=7$.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_04849
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Precise $^{136}$Xe Double Beta Decay Measurement in PandaX-4T with Implications on the Nuclear Matrix Elements and Majorons PandaX Collaboration Yuan, Zhe Bo, Zihao Chen, Wei Chen, Xun Chen, Yunhua Cheng, Chen Cui, Xiangyi Deng, Manna Fan, Yingjie Fang, Deqing Fu, Xuanye Gao, Zhixing Ge, Yujie Geng, Lisheng Giboni, Karl Guo, Xunan Guo, Xuyuan Guo, Zichao Han, Chencheng Han, Ke He, Changda He, Jinrong Huang, Houqi Huang, Junting Huang, Yule Hou, Ruquan Ji, Xiangdong Ju, Yonglin Lan, Xiaorun Li, Chenxiang Li, Jiafu Li, Mingchuan Li, Peiyuan Li, Shuaijie Li, Tao Li, Yangdong Li, Zhiyuan Lin, Qing Liu, Jianglai Liu, Yuanchun Lu, Congcong Lu, Xiaoying Luo, Lingyin Luo, Yunyang Ma, Yugang Mao, Yajun Meng, Yue Pang, Binyu Qi, Ningchun Qian, Zhicheng Ren, Xiangxiang Shan, Dong Shang, Xiaofeng Shao, Xiyuan Shen, Guofang Shen, Manbin Sun, Wenliang Sun, Xuyan Tao, Yi Tian, Yueqiang Tian, Yuxin Wang, Anqing Wang, Guanbo Wang, Hao Wang, Haoyu Wang, Jiamin Wang, Lei Wang, Meng Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Shaobo Wang, Shibo Wang, Siguang Wang, Wei Wang, Xu Wang, Zhou Wei, Yuehuan Wu, Weihao Wu, Yuan Xiao, Mengjiao Xiao, Xiang Xiong, Kaizhi Xu, Jianqin Xu, Yifan Yao, Shunyu Yan, Binbin Yan, Xiyu Yang, Yong Ye, Peihua Yu, Chunxu Yuan, Ying Yun, Youhui Zeng, Xinning Zhang, Minzhen Zhang, Peng Zhang, Shibo Zhang, Siyuan Zhang, Shu Zhang, Tao Zhang, Wei Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yingxin Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Li Zhao, Kangkang Zhou, Jifang Zhou, Jiaxu Zhou, Jiayi Zhou, Ning Zhou, Xiaopeng Zhou, Zhizhen Zhu, Chenhui Fang, Dong-Liang Li, Yu-Feng Nuclear Experiment High Energy Physics - Experiment The continuous spectrum of double beta decay ($ββ$) provides a sensitive probe to test the predictions of the standard model and to search for signatures of new physics beyond it. We present a comprehensive analysis of the $^{136}$Xe $ββ$ spectrum utilizing $39.1 \pm 0.7~\textrm{kg}\cdot\textrm{yr}$ of $^{136}$Xe exposure from the PandaX-4T experiment. The analysis yields the most precise measurement to date of the $^{136}$Xe two-neutrino double beta decay ($2νββ$) half-life, $(2.14 \pm 0.05) \times 10^{21}$ years, the uncertainty of which is reduced by a factor of 2 compared to our previous result. We measure the parameter $ξ_{31}^{2ν}$, defined as the ratio between the subleading and leading components of the $^{136}$Xe $2νββ$ nuclear matrix element, to be $0.59^{+0.41}_{-0.38}$, which is consistent with theoretical predictions. We also search for Majoron-emitting modes of $^{136}$Xe $ββ$, establishing the most stringent limit for the spectral index $n=7$.
title	Precise $^{136}$Xe Double Beta Decay Measurement in PandaX-4T with Implications on the Nuclear Matrix Elements and Majorons
topic	Nuclear Experiment High Energy Physics - Experiment
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.04849