The THESAN project: Lyman-alpha intensity mapping of cosmic reionization

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Almualla, Mouza, Smith, Aaron, Kannan, Rahul, Hernquist, Lars, Garaldi, Enrico, Lidz, Adam, Lorinc, Kevin, Chan, Jennifer Yik Ham, Vogelsberger, Mark
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908695387963392
author Almualla, Mouza
Smith, Aaron
Kannan, Rahul
Hernquist, Lars
Garaldi, Enrico
Lidz, Adam
Lorinc, Kevin
Chan, Jennifer Yik Ham
Vogelsberger, Mark
author_facet Almualla, Mouza
Smith, Aaron
Kannan, Rahul
Hernquist, Lars
Garaldi, Enrico
Lidz, Adam
Lorinc, Kevin
Chan, Jennifer Yik Ham
Vogelsberger, Mark
contents Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) has garnered attention as a powerful cosmological probe, with next-generation instruments such as SPHEREx preparing to map the evolution of large-scale structure during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Lyman-alpha emission in the EoR is strongly shaped by resonant absorption from neutral hydrogen in the diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM), which transforms galactic sources into a low surface-brightness background. In this work, we leverage the state-of-the-art THESAN cosmological simulations to produce high-resolution theoretical predictions for future Lyman-alpha LIM studies, constructing continuous light cones for line-of-sight cosmological integrations. We assess the contributions of recombination, collisional excitation, and unresolved HII regions to the total Lyman-alpha spectral intensity. In addition, we explore the IGM in absorption at different redshifts using damping wing analysis. We produce channel maps exploring spatial fluctuations across redshift bands probe-able by LIM instruments. We find that the slope of the absorption-included Lyman-alpha fluctuation power spectrum at smaller scales (k > 10^(-2) 1/arcsec) steepens toward lower redshift, and that our emission-only Lyman-alpha power spectrum lies above the SPHEREx sensitivity, whereas the absorption-included signal is ~4 orders of magnitude lower--providing a conservative lower limit on inhomogeneity signatures and highlighting the importance of including resonant scattering in our model in the future. We also find that including outflows in a simple toy model boosts power by four orders of magnitude. We identify limitations in our analysis and propose next steps, including incorporating the effects of resonant Lyman-alpha scattering and line interlopers, as well as larger simulation volumes.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_06085
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The THESAN project: Lyman-alpha intensity mapping of cosmic reionization
Almualla, Mouza
Smith, Aaron
Kannan, Rahul
Hernquist, Lars
Garaldi, Enrico
Lidz, Adam
Lorinc, Kevin
Chan, Jennifer Yik Ham
Vogelsberger, Mark
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) has garnered attention as a powerful cosmological probe, with next-generation instruments such as SPHEREx preparing to map the evolution of large-scale structure during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Lyman-alpha emission in the EoR is strongly shaped by resonant absorption from neutral hydrogen in the diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM), which transforms galactic sources into a low surface-brightness background. In this work, we leverage the state-of-the-art THESAN cosmological simulations to produce high-resolution theoretical predictions for future Lyman-alpha LIM studies, constructing continuous light cones for line-of-sight cosmological integrations. We assess the contributions of recombination, collisional excitation, and unresolved HII regions to the total Lyman-alpha spectral intensity. In addition, we explore the IGM in absorption at different redshifts using damping wing analysis. We produce channel maps exploring spatial fluctuations across redshift bands probe-able by LIM instruments. We find that the slope of the absorption-included Lyman-alpha fluctuation power spectrum at smaller scales (k > 10^(-2) 1/arcsec) steepens toward lower redshift, and that our emission-only Lyman-alpha power spectrum lies above the SPHEREx sensitivity, whereas the absorption-included signal is ~4 orders of magnitude lower--providing a conservative lower limit on inhomogeneity signatures and highlighting the importance of including resonant scattering in our model in the future. We also find that including outflows in a simple toy model boosts power by four orders of magnitude. We identify limitations in our analysis and propose next steps, including incorporating the effects of resonant Lyman-alpha scattering and line interlopers, as well as larger simulation volumes.
title The THESAN project: Lyman-alpha intensity mapping of cosmic reionization
topic Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06085