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Autores principales: Qin, Shenghao, Gang, Bowen, Tong, Tiejun, Cui, Hengjian
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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Acceso en línea:https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06314
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author Qin, Shenghao
Gang, Bowen
Tong, Tiejun
Cui, Hengjian
author_facet Qin, Shenghao
Gang, Bowen
Tong, Tiejun
Cui, Hengjian
contents The bagplot, also known as the "bag-and-bolster plot", is a notable extension of the boxplot from univariate to bivariate data. Although widely used, its practical application is hindered by two key limitations: the fixed inflation factor for outlier detection that does not adapt to the sample size, and the unstable convex hull used to visualize its fence. In this paper, we propose a new bagplot, namely the "bag-and-whisker plot'', as an improvement method to address these limitations. Our framework recasts outlier detection as a multiple testing problem, yielding a data-adaptive fence that controls statistical error rates and enhances the reliability of outlier identification. To further resolve graphical instability, we introduce a refined visualization that abandons the convex hull (the bolster) with a direct rendering of the statistical fence, complemented by granular whiskers that effectively illustrate the data's spread. Extensive simulations and real-world data analyses demonstrate that our new bagplot exhibits superior adaptivity and robustness compared to the existing standard, and thus can be highly recommended for practical use.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_06314
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Bag-and-Whisker Plot: A New Bagplot for Bivariate Data
Qin, Shenghao
Gang, Bowen
Tong, Tiejun
Cui, Hengjian
Methodology
The bagplot, also known as the "bag-and-bolster plot", is a notable extension of the boxplot from univariate to bivariate data. Although widely used, its practical application is hindered by two key limitations: the fixed inflation factor for outlier detection that does not adapt to the sample size, and the unstable convex hull used to visualize its fence. In this paper, we propose a new bagplot, namely the "bag-and-whisker plot'', as an improvement method to address these limitations. Our framework recasts outlier detection as a multiple testing problem, yielding a data-adaptive fence that controls statistical error rates and enhances the reliability of outlier identification. To further resolve graphical instability, we introduce a refined visualization that abandons the convex hull (the bolster) with a direct rendering of the statistical fence, complemented by granular whiskers that effectively illustrate the data's spread. Extensive simulations and real-world data analyses demonstrate that our new bagplot exhibits superior adaptivity and robustness compared to the existing standard, and thus can be highly recommended for practical use.
title The Bag-and-Whisker Plot: A New Bagplot for Bivariate Data
topic Methodology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06314