Defending Event-Triggered Systems against Out-of-Envelope Environments

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Völp, Marcus, Alkoudsi, Mohammad Ibrahim, Asl, Azin Bayrami, Krüger, Kristin, da Neto, Julio Rodrigues Mendonca, Fohler, Gerhard
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Völp, Marcus
Alkoudsi, Mohammad Ibrahim
Asl, Azin Bayrami
Krüger, Kristin
da Neto, Julio Rodrigues Mendonca
Fohler, Gerhard
author_facet Völp, Marcus
Alkoudsi, Mohammad Ibrahim
Asl, Azin Bayrami
Krüger, Kristin
da Neto, Julio Rodrigues Mendonca
Fohler, Gerhard
contents The design of real-time systems is based on assumptions about environmental conditions in which they will operate. We call this their safe operational envelope. Violation of these assumptions, i.e., out-of-envelope environments, can jeopardize timeliness and safety of real-time systems, e.g., by overwhelming them with interrupt storms. A long-lasting debate has been going on over which design paradigm, the time- or event-triggered, is more robust against such behavior. In this work, we investigate the claim that time-triggered systems are immune against out-of-envelope behavior and how event-triggered systems can be constructed to defend against being overwhelmed by interrupt showers. We introduce importance (independently of priority and criticality) as a means to express which tasks should still be scheduled in case environmental design assumptions cease to hold, draw parallels to mixed-criticality scheduling, and demonstrate how event-triggered systems can defend against out-of-envelope behavior.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_06331
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Defending Event-Triggered Systems against Out-of-Envelope Environments
Völp, Marcus
Alkoudsi, Mohammad Ibrahim
Asl, Azin Bayrami
Krüger, Kristin
da Neto, Julio Rodrigues Mendonca
Fohler, Gerhard
Operating Systems
Systems and Control
The design of real-time systems is based on assumptions about environmental conditions in which they will operate. We call this their safe operational envelope. Violation of these assumptions, i.e., out-of-envelope environments, can jeopardize timeliness and safety of real-time systems, e.g., by overwhelming them with interrupt storms. A long-lasting debate has been going on over which design paradigm, the time- or event-triggered, is more robust against such behavior. In this work, we investigate the claim that time-triggered systems are immune against out-of-envelope behavior and how event-triggered systems can be constructed to defend against being overwhelmed by interrupt showers. We introduce importance (independently of priority and criticality) as a means to express which tasks should still be scheduled in case environmental design assumptions cease to hold, draw parallels to mixed-criticality scheduling, and demonstrate how event-triggered systems can defend against out-of-envelope behavior.
title Defending Event-Triggered Systems against Out-of-Envelope Environments
topic Operating Systems
Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06331