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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06775 |
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| _version_ | 1866908697272254464 |
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| author | Li, Han-Ze Lee, Ching Hua Liu, Shuo Zhang, Shi-Xin Zhong, Jian-Xin |
| author_facet | Li, Han-Ze Lee, Ching Hua Liu, Shuo Zhang, Shi-Xin Zhong, Jian-Xin |
| contents | The Mpemba effect, where a state prepared farther from equilibrium relaxes faster to equilibrium than one prepared closer, has a quantum counterpart where relaxation is resolved by conserved charge. However, the fate of the quantum Mpemba effect in systems with long-range interactions remains an open question. Here, we study the quantum Mpemba effect in long-ranged, U(1)-symmetric random unitary circuits. Using annealed Rényi-2 entanglement asymmetry computed via replica tensor networks and exact diagonalization, we track the symmetry restoration from three types of tilted product states: ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferromagnetic with a central domain wall. The quantum Mpemba effect is present for tilted ferromagnetic states at all interaction ranges, but absent for tilted antiferromagnetic states, and occurs for the domain-wall state only in effectively short-ranged circuits, where the Mpemba time $t_{\rm M}$ is found to scale with the subsystem size $N_A$ as $t_{\rm M}\!\sim\!N_{A}^{\,z}$, with the dynamical exponent $z=\min(α-1,2)$. These results reveal how the quantum Mpemba effect is governed by the interplay between interaction range and initial-state charge bias in long-ranged chaotic systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_06775 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum Mpemba effect in long-ranged U(1)-symmetric random circuits Li, Han-Ze Lee, Ching Hua Liu, Shuo Zhang, Shi-Xin Zhong, Jian-Xin Quantum Physics The Mpemba effect, where a state prepared farther from equilibrium relaxes faster to equilibrium than one prepared closer, has a quantum counterpart where relaxation is resolved by conserved charge. However, the fate of the quantum Mpemba effect in systems with long-range interactions remains an open question. Here, we study the quantum Mpemba effect in long-ranged, U(1)-symmetric random unitary circuits. Using annealed Rényi-2 entanglement asymmetry computed via replica tensor networks and exact diagonalization, we track the symmetry restoration from three types of tilted product states: ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferromagnetic with a central domain wall. The quantum Mpemba effect is present for tilted ferromagnetic states at all interaction ranges, but absent for tilted antiferromagnetic states, and occurs for the domain-wall state only in effectively short-ranged circuits, where the Mpemba time $t_{\rm M}$ is found to scale with the subsystem size $N_A$ as $t_{\rm M}\!\sim\!N_{A}^{\,z}$, with the dynamical exponent $z=\min(α-1,2)$. These results reveal how the quantum Mpemba effect is governed by the interplay between interaction range and initial-state charge bias in long-ranged chaotic systems. |
| title | Quantum Mpemba effect in long-ranged U(1)-symmetric random circuits |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06775 |