Towards Robust Pseudo-Label Learning in Semantic Segmentation: An Encoding Perspective

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Li, Wangkai, Sun, Rui, Li, Zhaoyang, Zhang, Tianzhu
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908756592295936
author Li, Wangkai
Sun, Rui
Li, Zhaoyang
Zhang, Tianzhu
author_facet Li, Wangkai
Sun, Rui
Li, Zhaoyang
Zhang, Tianzhu
contents Pseudo-label learning is widely used in semantic segmentation, particularly in label-scarce scenarios such as unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) and semisupervised learning (SSL). Despite its success, this paradigm can generate erroneous pseudo-labels, which are further amplified during training due to utilization of one-hot encoding. To address this issue, we propose ECOCSeg, a novel perspective for segmentation models that utilizes error-correcting output codes (ECOC) to create a fine-grained encoding for each class. ECOCSeg offers several advantages. First, an ECOC-based classifier is introduced, enabling model to disentangle classes into attributes and handle partial inaccurate bits, improving stability and generalization in pseudo-label learning. Second, a bit-level label denoising mechanism is developed to generate higher-quality pseudo-labels, providing adequate and robust supervision for unlabeled images. ECOCSeg can be easily integrated with existing methods and consistently demonstrates significant improvements on multiple UDA and SSL benchmarks across different segmentation architectures. Code is available at https://github.com/Woof6/ECOCSeg.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_06870
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Towards Robust Pseudo-Label Learning in Semantic Segmentation: An Encoding Perspective
Li, Wangkai
Sun, Rui
Li, Zhaoyang
Zhang, Tianzhu
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Pseudo-label learning is widely used in semantic segmentation, particularly in label-scarce scenarios such as unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) and semisupervised learning (SSL). Despite its success, this paradigm can generate erroneous pseudo-labels, which are further amplified during training due to utilization of one-hot encoding. To address this issue, we propose ECOCSeg, a novel perspective for segmentation models that utilizes error-correcting output codes (ECOC) to create a fine-grained encoding for each class. ECOCSeg offers several advantages. First, an ECOC-based classifier is introduced, enabling model to disentangle classes into attributes and handle partial inaccurate bits, improving stability and generalization in pseudo-label learning. Second, a bit-level label denoising mechanism is developed to generate higher-quality pseudo-labels, providing adequate and robust supervision for unlabeled images. ECOCSeg can be easily integrated with existing methods and consistently demonstrates significant improvements on multiple UDA and SSL benchmarks across different segmentation architectures. Code is available at https://github.com/Woof6/ECOCSeg.
title Towards Robust Pseudo-Label Learning in Semantic Segmentation: An Encoding Perspective
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06870