The Angular Momentum Penrose Inequality

Fuente: arXiv
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Autor principal: Xu, Da
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Xu, Da
author_facet Xu, Da
contents We prove the Penrose inequality with angular momentum for asymptotically flat, axisymmetric vacuum initial data sets containing a stable marginally outer trapped surface. This inequality provides a lower bound for the ADM mass in terms of the area and angular momentum of the black hole horizon, with equality holding if and only if the initial data set corresponds to a slice of the Kerr spacetime. Our proof combines the Jang equation approach with the p-harmonic level set method. A key component of the analysis is a modified Hawking mass functional that incorporates angular momentum and exhibits monotonicity along the flow. We also establish the rigidity of the inequality using the Mars-Simon tensor.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_06918
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Angular Momentum Penrose Inequality
Xu, Da
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Functional Analysis
We prove the Penrose inequality with angular momentum for asymptotically flat, axisymmetric vacuum initial data sets containing a stable marginally outer trapped surface. This inequality provides a lower bound for the ADM mass in terms of the area and angular momentum of the black hole horizon, with equality holding if and only if the initial data set corresponds to a slice of the Kerr spacetime. Our proof combines the Jang equation approach with the p-harmonic level set method. A key component of the analysis is a modified Hawking mass functional that incorporates angular momentum and exhibits monotonicity along the flow. We also establish the rigidity of the inequality using the Mars-Simon tensor.
title The Angular Momentum Penrose Inequality
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Functional Analysis
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.06918