Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors for Enhanced Biomedical Imaging

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Hughes, Emi Cora Valmai, Upadhya, Avinash, Dholakia, Kishan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Hughes, Emi Cora Valmai
Upadhya, Avinash
Dholakia, Kishan
author_facet Hughes, Emi Cora Valmai
Upadhya, Avinash
Dholakia, Kishan
contents Significance: Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs; also known as SSPDs) show enormous promise for low-light biomedical imaging by offering exceptional sensitivity, picosecond timing resolution, and broad spectral coverage. Aim: This perspective evaluates the role of SNSPDs by comparing their performance with other photon-counting detectors for emerging biomedical imaging applications. Approach: We outline the need for ultrasensitive detectors for biophotonics, summarize SNSPD operating principles and compare their performance with established photon-counting devices. We highlight applications in which SNSPDs enable new imaging capabilities and discuss system-level challenges and technological developments that are critical to future applications, including clinical translation. Results: SNSPDs offer advantages in signal-to-noise ratio, temporal precision, and detection bandwidth, enabling deeper tissue imaging, high-precision fluorescence lifetime measurements, and quantum-enhanced imaging modalities. Advances in scalable arrays, cryogenic miniaturization, and improved signal collection are reducing barriers to widespread adoption. Conclusions: SNSPDs are poised to transform photon-limited biomedical imaging. As device performance and system integration continue to advance, their adoption in imaging platforms is expected to accelerate. Combining SNSPDs with advancements in the excitation pathway, such as structured-light excitation with Bessel beams, aberration correction, and wavefront shaping, shows promise for delivering unprecedented imaging capabilities and broadening both the preclinical and clinical utility of these detectors.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_07138
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors for Enhanced Biomedical Imaging
Hughes, Emi Cora Valmai
Upadhya, Avinash
Dholakia, Kishan
Optics
Significance: Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs; also known as SSPDs) show enormous promise for low-light biomedical imaging by offering exceptional sensitivity, picosecond timing resolution, and broad spectral coverage. Aim: This perspective evaluates the role of SNSPDs by comparing their performance with other photon-counting detectors for emerging biomedical imaging applications. Approach: We outline the need for ultrasensitive detectors for biophotonics, summarize SNSPD operating principles and compare their performance with established photon-counting devices. We highlight applications in which SNSPDs enable new imaging capabilities and discuss system-level challenges and technological developments that are critical to future applications, including clinical translation. Results: SNSPDs offer advantages in signal-to-noise ratio, temporal precision, and detection bandwidth, enabling deeper tissue imaging, high-precision fluorescence lifetime measurements, and quantum-enhanced imaging modalities. Advances in scalable arrays, cryogenic miniaturization, and improved signal collection are reducing barriers to widespread adoption. Conclusions: SNSPDs are poised to transform photon-limited biomedical imaging. As device performance and system integration continue to advance, their adoption in imaging platforms is expected to accelerate. Combining SNSPDs with advancements in the excitation pathway, such as structured-light excitation with Bessel beams, aberration correction, and wavefront shaping, shows promise for delivering unprecedented imaging capabilities and broadening both the preclinical and clinical utility of these detectors.
title Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors for Enhanced Biomedical Imaging
topic Optics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.07138