Delay-Aware Diffusion Policy: Bridging the Observation-Execution Gap in Dynamic Tasks

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Liao, Aileen, Kim, Dong-Ki, Smith, Max Olan, Agha-mohammadi, Ali-akbar, Omidshafiei, Shayegan
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Liao, Aileen
Kim, Dong-Ki
Smith, Max Olan
Agha-mohammadi, Ali-akbar
Omidshafiei, Shayegan
author_facet Liao, Aileen
Kim, Dong-Ki
Smith, Max Olan
Agha-mohammadi, Ali-akbar
Omidshafiei, Shayegan
contents As a robot senses and selects actions, the world keeps changing. This inference delay creates a gap of tens to hundreds of milliseconds between the observed state and the state at execution. In this work, we take the natural generalization from zero delay to measured delay during training and inference. We introduce Delay-Aware Diffusion Policy (DA-DP), a framework for explicitly incorporating inference delays into policy learning. DA-DP corrects zero-delay trajectories to their delay-compensated counterparts, and augments the policy with delay conditioning. We empirically validate DA-DP on a variety of tasks, robots, and delays and find its success rate more robust to delay than delay-unaware methods. DA-DP is architecture agnostic and transfers beyond diffusion policies, offering a general pattern for delay-aware imitation learning. More broadly, DA-DP encourages evaluation protocols that report performance as a function of measured latency, not just task difficulty.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_07697
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Delay-Aware Diffusion Policy: Bridging the Observation-Execution Gap in Dynamic Tasks
Liao, Aileen
Kim, Dong-Ki
Smith, Max Olan
Agha-mohammadi, Ali-akbar
Omidshafiei, Shayegan
Robotics
Machine Learning
As a robot senses and selects actions, the world keeps changing. This inference delay creates a gap of tens to hundreds of milliseconds between the observed state and the state at execution. In this work, we take the natural generalization from zero delay to measured delay during training and inference. We introduce Delay-Aware Diffusion Policy (DA-DP), a framework for explicitly incorporating inference delays into policy learning. DA-DP corrects zero-delay trajectories to their delay-compensated counterparts, and augments the policy with delay conditioning. We empirically validate DA-DP on a variety of tasks, robots, and delays and find its success rate more robust to delay than delay-unaware methods. DA-DP is architecture agnostic and transfers beyond diffusion policies, offering a general pattern for delay-aware imitation learning. More broadly, DA-DP encourages evaluation protocols that report performance as a function of measured latency, not just task difficulty.
title Delay-Aware Diffusion Policy: Bridging the Observation-Execution Gap in Dynamic Tasks
topic Robotics
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.07697