EMMap: A Systematic Framework for Spatial EMFI Mapping and Fault Classification on Microcontrollers

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Main Authors: Santhosh, Gandham Sai, Naik, Siddhartha Sanjay, Badola, Ritwik, Rebeiro, Chester
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Santhosh, Gandham Sai
Naik, Siddhartha Sanjay
Badola, Ritwik
Rebeiro, Chester
author_facet Santhosh, Gandham Sai
Naik, Siddhartha Sanjay
Badola, Ritwik
Rebeiro, Chester
contents Electromagnetic Fault Injection (EMFI) is a powerful technique for inducing bit flips and instruction-level perturbations on microcontrollers, yet existing literature lacks a unified methodology for systematically mapping spatial sensitivity and classifying resulting fault behaviors. Building on insights from O'Flynn and Kuhnapfel et al., we introduce a platform-agnostic framework for Spatial EMFI Mapping and Fault Classification, aimed at understanding how spatial probe position influences fault outcomes. We present pilot experiments on three representative microcontroller targets including the Xtensa LX6 (ESP32) and two ChipWhisper boards not as definitive evaluations, but as illustrative demonstrations of how the proposed methodology can be applied in practice. These preliminary observations motivate a generalized and reproducible workflow that researchers can adopt when analyzing EMFI susceptibility across diverse embedded architectures.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_09049
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle EMMap: A Systematic Framework for Spatial EMFI Mapping and Fault Classification on Microcontrollers
Santhosh, Gandham Sai
Naik, Siddhartha Sanjay
Badola, Ritwik
Rebeiro, Chester
Cryptography and Security
Electromagnetic Fault Injection (EMFI) is a powerful technique for inducing bit flips and instruction-level perturbations on microcontrollers, yet existing literature lacks a unified methodology for systematically mapping spatial sensitivity and classifying resulting fault behaviors. Building on insights from O'Flynn and Kuhnapfel et al., we introduce a platform-agnostic framework for Spatial EMFI Mapping and Fault Classification, aimed at understanding how spatial probe position influences fault outcomes. We present pilot experiments on three representative microcontroller targets including the Xtensa LX6 (ESP32) and two ChipWhisper boards not as definitive evaluations, but as illustrative demonstrations of how the proposed methodology can be applied in practice. These preliminary observations motivate a generalized and reproducible workflow that researchers can adopt when analyzing EMFI susceptibility across diverse embedded architectures.
title EMMap: A Systematic Framework for Spatial EMFI Mapping and Fault Classification on Microcontrollers
topic Cryptography and Security
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.09049