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Main Authors: Fang, Wei, Wang, Chiyao, Ma, Wenshuai, Liu, Hui, Hu, Jianqiang, Niu, Xiaona, Chu, Yi, Zhang, Mingming, Yang, Jingxiao, Zhang, Dongwei, Li, Zelin, Liu, Pengyun, Zheng, Jiawei, Zhang, Pengke, Qin, Chaoshi, Guo, Wangang, Wang, Bin, Xue, Yugang, Zhang, Wei, Wang, Zikuan, Zhu, Rui, Cao, Yihui, Lu, Quanmao, Meng, Rui, Li, Yan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.10702
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author Fang, Wei
Wang, Chiyao
Ma, Wenshuai
Liu, Hui
Hu, Jianqiang
Niu, Xiaona
Chu, Yi
Zhang, Mingming
Yang, Jingxiao
Zhang, Dongwei
Li, Zelin
Liu, Pengyun
Zheng, Jiawei
Zhang, Pengke
Qin, Chaoshi
Guo, Wangang
Wang, Bin
Xue, Yugang
Zhang, Wei
Wang, Zikuan
Zhu, Rui
Cao, Yihui
Lu, Quanmao
Meng, Rui
Li, Yan
author_facet Fang, Wei
Wang, Chiyao
Ma, Wenshuai
Liu, Hui
Hu, Jianqiang
Niu, Xiaona
Chu, Yi
Zhang, Mingming
Yang, Jingxiao
Zhang, Dongwei
Li, Zelin
Liu, Pengyun
Zheng, Jiawei
Zhang, Pengke
Qin, Chaoshi
Guo, Wangang
Wang, Bin
Xue, Yugang
Zhang, Wei
Wang, Zikuan
Zhu, Rui
Cao, Yihui
Lu, Quanmao
Meng, Rui
Li, Yan
contents Background: While intravascular imaging, particularly optical coherence tomography (OCT), improves percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes, its interpretation is operator-dependent. General-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise but lacks domain-specific reliability. We evaluated the performance of CA-GPT, a novel large model deployed on an AI-OCT system, against that of the general-purpose ChatGPT-5 and junior physicians for OCT-guided PCI planning and assessment. Methods: In this single-center analysis of 96 patients who underwent OCT-guided PCI, the procedural decisions generated by the CA-GPT, ChatGPT-5, and junior physicians were compared with an expert-derived procedural record. Agreement was assessed using ten pre-specified metrics across pre-PCI and post-PCI phases. Results: For pre-PCI planning, CA-GPT demonstrated significantly higher median agreement scores (5[IQR 3.75-5]) compared to both ChatGPT-5 (3[2-4], P<0.001) and junior physicians (4[3-4], P<0.001). CA-GPT significantly outperformed ChatGPT-5 across all individual pre-PCI metrics and showed superior performance to junior physicians in stent diameter (90.3% vs. 72.2%, P<0.05) and length selection (80.6% vs. 52.8%, P<0.01). In post-PCI assessment, CA-GPT maintained excellent overall agreement (5[4.75-5]), significantly higher than both ChatGPT-5 (4[4-5], P<0.001) and junior physicians (5[4-5], P<0.05). Subgroup analysis confirmed CA-GPT's robust performance advantage in complex scenarios. Conclusion: The CA-GPT-based AI-OCT system achieved superior decision-making agreement versus a general-purpose large language model and junior physicians across both PCI planning and assessment phases. This approach provides a standardized and reliable method for intravascular imaging interpretation, demonstrating significant potential to augment operator expertise and optimize OCT-guided PCI.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_10702
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle COMPARE: Clinical Optimization with Modular Planning and Assessment via RAG-Enhanced AI-OCT: Superior Decision Support for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Compared to ChatGPT-5 and Junior Operators
Fang, Wei
Wang, Chiyao
Ma, Wenshuai
Liu, Hui
Hu, Jianqiang
Niu, Xiaona
Chu, Yi
Zhang, Mingming
Yang, Jingxiao
Zhang, Dongwei
Li, Zelin
Liu, Pengyun
Zheng, Jiawei
Zhang, Pengke
Qin, Chaoshi
Guo, Wangang
Wang, Bin
Xue, Yugang
Zhang, Wei
Wang, Zikuan
Zhu, Rui
Cao, Yihui
Lu, Quanmao
Meng, Rui
Li, Yan
Artificial Intelligence
Background: While intravascular imaging, particularly optical coherence tomography (OCT), improves percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes, its interpretation is operator-dependent. General-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise but lacks domain-specific reliability. We evaluated the performance of CA-GPT, a novel large model deployed on an AI-OCT system, against that of the general-purpose ChatGPT-5 and junior physicians for OCT-guided PCI planning and assessment. Methods: In this single-center analysis of 96 patients who underwent OCT-guided PCI, the procedural decisions generated by the CA-GPT, ChatGPT-5, and junior physicians were compared with an expert-derived procedural record. Agreement was assessed using ten pre-specified metrics across pre-PCI and post-PCI phases. Results: For pre-PCI planning, CA-GPT demonstrated significantly higher median agreement scores (5[IQR 3.75-5]) compared to both ChatGPT-5 (3[2-4], P<0.001) and junior physicians (4[3-4], P<0.001). CA-GPT significantly outperformed ChatGPT-5 across all individual pre-PCI metrics and showed superior performance to junior physicians in stent diameter (90.3% vs. 72.2%, P<0.05) and length selection (80.6% vs. 52.8%, P<0.01). In post-PCI assessment, CA-GPT maintained excellent overall agreement (5[4.75-5]), significantly higher than both ChatGPT-5 (4[4-5], P<0.001) and junior physicians (5[4-5], P<0.05). Subgroup analysis confirmed CA-GPT's robust performance advantage in complex scenarios. Conclusion: The CA-GPT-based AI-OCT system achieved superior decision-making agreement versus a general-purpose large language model and junior physicians across both PCI planning and assessment phases. This approach provides a standardized and reliable method for intravascular imaging interpretation, demonstrating significant potential to augment operator expertise and optimize OCT-guided PCI.
title COMPARE: Clinical Optimization with Modular Planning and Assessment via RAG-Enhanced AI-OCT: Superior Decision Support for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Compared to ChatGPT-5 and Junior Operators
topic Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.10702