Irreducibility of Quantum Markov Semigroups, uniqueness of invariant states and related properties

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Hauptverfasser: Fagnola, Franco, Girotti, Federico
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Fagnola, Franco
Girotti, Federico
author_facet Fagnola, Franco
Girotti, Federico
contents We present different characterizations of the notion of irreducibility for Quantum Markov Semigroups (QMSs) and investigate its relationship with other relevant features of the dynamics, such as primitivity, positivity improvement and relaxation; in particular, we show that irreducibility, primitivity and relaxation towards a faithful invariant density are equivalent when the semigroup admits an invariant density. Moreover, in the case of uniformly continuous QMSs, we present several useful ways of checking irreducibility in terms of the operators appearing in the generator in GKLS form. Our exposition is as much self-contained as possible, we present some well known results with elementary proofs (collecting all the relevant literature) and we derive new ones. We study both finite and infinite dimensional evolutions and we remark that many results only require the QMS to be made of Schwarz maps.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_11517
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Irreducibility of Quantum Markov Semigroups, uniqueness of invariant states and related properties
Fagnola, Franco
Girotti, Federico
Quantum Physics
Mathematical Physics
Probability
46L53, 81S22, 46L57
We present different characterizations of the notion of irreducibility for Quantum Markov Semigroups (QMSs) and investigate its relationship with other relevant features of the dynamics, such as primitivity, positivity improvement and relaxation; in particular, we show that irreducibility, primitivity and relaxation towards a faithful invariant density are equivalent when the semigroup admits an invariant density. Moreover, in the case of uniformly continuous QMSs, we present several useful ways of checking irreducibility in terms of the operators appearing in the generator in GKLS form. Our exposition is as much self-contained as possible, we present some well known results with elementary proofs (collecting all the relevant literature) and we derive new ones. We study both finite and infinite dimensional evolutions and we remark that many results only require the QMS to be made of Schwarz maps.
title Irreducibility of Quantum Markov Semigroups, uniqueness of invariant states and related properties
topic Quantum Physics
Mathematical Physics
Probability
46L53, 81S22, 46L57
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11517