Thermodynamics of Black Holes, far from Equilibrium

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Ashtekar, Abhay, Paraizo, Daniel E., Shu, Jonathan
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Ashtekar, Abhay
Paraizo, Daniel E.
Shu, Jonathan
author_facet Ashtekar, Abhay
Paraizo, Daniel E.
Shu, Jonathan
contents As in thermodynamics, the celebrated first law of black hole mechanics relates infinitesimal changes in the properties of nearby equilibrium states of black holes (without reference to any physical process that causes the transition). Using dynamical horizon segments (DHSs), we extend the first law to encompass black holes that can be arbitrarily far from equilibrium. It now refers to \emph{finite} changes that occur due to \emph{physical processes}. This extension, together with the generalized second law on DHSs \cite{Ashtekar:2003hk}, naturally lead one to identify entropy of dynamical BHs with the area DHSs.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_11659
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Thermodynamics of Black Holes, far from Equilibrium
Ashtekar, Abhay
Paraizo, Daniel E.
Shu, Jonathan
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Mathematical Physics
As in thermodynamics, the celebrated first law of black hole mechanics relates infinitesimal changes in the properties of nearby equilibrium states of black holes (without reference to any physical process that causes the transition). Using dynamical horizon segments (DHSs), we extend the first law to encompass black holes that can be arbitrarily far from equilibrium. It now refers to \emph{finite} changes that occur due to \emph{physical processes}. This extension, together with the generalized second law on DHSs \cite{Ashtekar:2003hk}, naturally lead one to identify entropy of dynamical BHs with the area DHSs.
title Thermodynamics of Black Holes, far from Equilibrium
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Mathematical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.11659