Coulomb crystallization of xenon highly charged ions in a laser-cooled Ca+ matrix
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Prokhorov, Leonid Smith, Aaron A. Xu, Mingyao Georgiou, Kostas Guarrera, Vera Sajith, Lakshmi P. Kozhiparambil Dijck, Elwin A. Warnecke, Christian Wehrheim, Malte Wilzewski, Alexander Blackburn, Laura Keller, Matthias Boyer, Vincent Pfeifer, Thomas Schwanke, Ullrich Issever, Cigdem Worm, Steven Schmidt, Piet O. Lopez-Urrutia, José R. Crespo Barontini, Giovanni |
| author_facet | Prokhorov, Leonid Smith, Aaron A. Xu, Mingyao Georgiou, Kostas Guarrera, Vera Sajith, Lakshmi P. Kozhiparambil Dijck, Elwin A. Warnecke, Christian Wehrheim, Malte Wilzewski, Alexander Blackburn, Laura Keller, Matthias Boyer, Vincent Pfeifer, Thomas Schwanke, Ullrich Issever, Cigdem Worm, Steven Schmidt, Piet O. Lopez-Urrutia, José R. Crespo Barontini, Giovanni |
| contents | We report on the sympathetic cooling and Coulomb crystallization of xenon highly charged ions (HCIs) with laser-cooled Ca$^+$ ions. The HCIs are produced in a compact electron beam ion trap, then charge selected, decelerated, and finally injected into a cryogenic linear Paul trap. There, they are captured into $^{40}$Ca$^+$ Coulomb crystals, and co-crystallized within them, causing dark voids in their fluorescence images. Fine control over the number of trapped ions and HCIs allows us to realize mixed-species crystals with arbitrary ordering patterns. By investigating Xe$^{q+}$--Ca$^+$ strings, we confirm the HCI charge states, measure their lifetime and characterize the mixed-species motional modes. Our system effectively combines the established quantum control toolbox for Ca$^+$ with the rich set of atomic properties of Xe highly charged ions, providing a resourceful platform for optical frequency metrology, searches for signatures of new physics, and quantum information science. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_12266 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Coulomb crystallization of xenon highly charged ions in a laser-cooled Ca+ matrix Prokhorov, Leonid Smith, Aaron A. Xu, Mingyao Georgiou, Kostas Guarrera, Vera Sajith, Lakshmi P. Kozhiparambil Dijck, Elwin A. Warnecke, Christian Wehrheim, Malte Wilzewski, Alexander Blackburn, Laura Keller, Matthias Boyer, Vincent Pfeifer, Thomas Schwanke, Ullrich Issever, Cigdem Worm, Steven Schmidt, Piet O. Lopez-Urrutia, José R. Crespo Barontini, Giovanni Atomic Physics Quantum Gases Quantum Physics We report on the sympathetic cooling and Coulomb crystallization of xenon highly charged ions (HCIs) with laser-cooled Ca$^+$ ions. The HCIs are produced in a compact electron beam ion trap, then charge selected, decelerated, and finally injected into a cryogenic linear Paul trap. There, they are captured into $^{40}$Ca$^+$ Coulomb crystals, and co-crystallized within them, causing dark voids in their fluorescence images. Fine control over the number of trapped ions and HCIs allows us to realize mixed-species crystals with arbitrary ordering patterns. By investigating Xe$^{q+}$--Ca$^+$ strings, we confirm the HCI charge states, measure their lifetime and characterize the mixed-species motional modes. Our system effectively combines the established quantum control toolbox for Ca$^+$ with the rich set of atomic properties of Xe highly charged ions, providing a resourceful platform for optical frequency metrology, searches for signatures of new physics, and quantum information science. |
| title | Coulomb crystallization of xenon highly charged ions in a laser-cooled Ca+ matrix |
| topic | Atomic Physics Quantum Gases Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12266 |