Rethinking massive multiplexing in whispering gallery mode biosensing

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Main Authors: Saetchnikov, Ivan, Tcherniavskaia, Elina, Ostendorf, Andreas, Saetchnikov, Anton
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Saetchnikov, Ivan
Tcherniavskaia, Elina
Ostendorf, Andreas
Saetchnikov, Anton
author_facet Saetchnikov, Ivan
Tcherniavskaia, Elina
Ostendorf, Andreas
Saetchnikov, Anton
contents Accurate, label-free quantification of multiple analytes in complex biological media remains a major challenge due to limited multiplexing, signal cross-correlations, and inconsistency across sensor samples and measurement runs. We introduce a multiplexed whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) biosensing framework that overcomes these barriers by jointly advancing photonic integration and data analytics. Our glass-chip platform enables massive, parallelized and flexible multiplexing of >10000 microresonators organized into up to 100 sensing channels, with universal and modular chip design and detection hardware, while maintaining loaded Q-factors of 10^6. Our novel hybrid deep-learning framework BioCCF that integrates domain adaptation with cross-channel fusion enables harmonization of responses across sensing chips and extraction of nonlinear correlations in complex mixtures. Using a highly heterogeneous dataset comprising over 200 hours of sensing data acquired from nine chips with different channel configurations, biological replicates, and repeated regeneration cycles, we demonstrate recalibration-free identification of solution (99.3\% accuracy) and quantification of immunoglobulin G components with relative prediction error of 10^-4 under 5 min. The affordability and modularity of the platform enable distributed data acquisition and aggregation into shared repositories, providing a pathway toward continuously improving model generalization, cross-validation and a scalable, community-driven paradigm for biosensing.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_12421
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Rethinking massive multiplexing in whispering gallery mode biosensing
Saetchnikov, Ivan
Tcherniavskaia, Elina
Ostendorf, Andreas
Saetchnikov, Anton
Optics
Biological Physics
Chemical Physics
Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Instrumentation and Detectors
Accurate, label-free quantification of multiple analytes in complex biological media remains a major challenge due to limited multiplexing, signal cross-correlations, and inconsistency across sensor samples and measurement runs. We introduce a multiplexed whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) biosensing framework that overcomes these barriers by jointly advancing photonic integration and data analytics. Our glass-chip platform enables massive, parallelized and flexible multiplexing of >10000 microresonators organized into up to 100 sensing channels, with universal and modular chip design and detection hardware, while maintaining loaded Q-factors of 10^6. Our novel hybrid deep-learning framework BioCCF that integrates domain adaptation with cross-channel fusion enables harmonization of responses across sensing chips and extraction of nonlinear correlations in complex mixtures. Using a highly heterogeneous dataset comprising over 200 hours of sensing data acquired from nine chips with different channel configurations, biological replicates, and repeated regeneration cycles, we demonstrate recalibration-free identification of solution (99.3\% accuracy) and quantification of immunoglobulin G components with relative prediction error of 10^-4 under 5 min. The affordability and modularity of the platform enable distributed data acquisition and aggregation into shared repositories, providing a pathway toward continuously improving model generalization, cross-validation and a scalable, community-driven paradigm for biosensing.
title Rethinking massive multiplexing in whispering gallery mode biosensing
topic Optics
Biological Physics
Chemical Physics
Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Instrumentation and Detectors
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12421