Imaging Walk-Off Driven Distortions in EPR Photon Pair Correlations
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912762283687936 |
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| author | Howard, Christian Ghobadi, Roohollah Dehghan, Nazanin D'Errico, Alessio Karimi, Ebrahim |
| author_facet | Howard, Christian Ghobadi, Roohollah Dehghan, Nazanin D'Errico, Alessio Karimi, Ebrahim |
| contents | Spontaneous parametric down-conversion is the primary source of position-correlated and momentum-anticorrelated photon pairs that form the canonical Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) state. Their transverse spatial correlations are usually analyzed within the thin-crystal approximation, where the two-photon wavefunction is assumed to factorize into independent functions of the sum and difference coordinates. In practice, however, birefringence-induced transverse walk-off breaks this factorization and couples these degrees of freedom. Here, we show that this coupling persists even for nominally thin crystals once the free-space propagation of the joint spatial intensity is taken into account. This sum-difference coordinate coupling leads to a distinctive tapering of the transverse correlations near the crystal image plane-an effect that standard factorized models cannot capture. Numerical simulations and experimental data clearly confirm this novel behavior. Our findings provide a more complete description of photon-pair generation in birefringent nonlinear media and clarify fundamental limits on spatially resolved quantum imaging and spatial-mode quantum information processing with EPR states. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_12423 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Imaging Walk-Off Driven Distortions in EPR Photon Pair Correlations Howard, Christian Ghobadi, Roohollah Dehghan, Nazanin D'Errico, Alessio Karimi, Ebrahim Quantum Physics Spontaneous parametric down-conversion is the primary source of position-correlated and momentum-anticorrelated photon pairs that form the canonical Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) state. Their transverse spatial correlations are usually analyzed within the thin-crystal approximation, where the two-photon wavefunction is assumed to factorize into independent functions of the sum and difference coordinates. In practice, however, birefringence-induced transverse walk-off breaks this factorization and couples these degrees of freedom. Here, we show that this coupling persists even for nominally thin crystals once the free-space propagation of the joint spatial intensity is taken into account. This sum-difference coordinate coupling leads to a distinctive tapering of the transverse correlations near the crystal image plane-an effect that standard factorized models cannot capture. Numerical simulations and experimental data clearly confirm this novel behavior. Our findings provide a more complete description of photon-pair generation in birefringent nonlinear media and clarify fundamental limits on spatially resolved quantum imaging and spatial-mode quantum information processing with EPR states. |
| title | Imaging Walk-Off Driven Distortions in EPR Photon Pair Correlations |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12423 |