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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13013 |
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| _version_ | 1866914201701711872 |
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| author | Shimabukuro, Katsuya Horinaga, Kosaku Wakabayashi, Kazumo Emoto, Hikaru Ueki, Noriko Wakabayashi, Ken-ichi Mitome, Noriyo |
| author_facet | Shimabukuro, Katsuya Horinaga, Kosaku Wakabayashi, Kazumo Emoto, Hikaru Ueki, Noriko Wakabayashi, Ken-ichi Mitome, Noriyo |
| contents | The transduction of force into motion for microswimmers at intermediate Reynolds numbers ($Re \sim 1$), where inertia becomes relevant, is a fundamental problem in active matter. Using the multicellular alga \textit{Volvox} as a model physical system, we perform the first direct measurements that deconvolve a swimmer's inertial impact force from its motor's propulsive force. We discover a $\sim$30 Hz propulsive pulse, the mechanical signature of collective ciliary action. This high-frequency motor output drives a fluctuating velocity in the low-$Re$ \textit{V. carteri}, but is mechanically filtered by the inertia of the larger \textit{V. ferrisii}, resulting in a smooth swimming trajectory. Our work demonstrates that for swimmers beyond the Stokes regime, kinematics are not a direct proxy for the underlying motor dynamics, a foundational assumption in the study of microscopic motility. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_13013 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Direct Measurement of Inertial Impact and Propulsive Force in a Eukaryotic Swimmer Shimabukuro, Katsuya Horinaga, Kosaku Wakabayashi, Kazumo Emoto, Hikaru Ueki, Noriko Wakabayashi, Ken-ichi Mitome, Noriyo Biological Physics The transduction of force into motion for microswimmers at intermediate Reynolds numbers ($Re \sim 1$), where inertia becomes relevant, is a fundamental problem in active matter. Using the multicellular alga \textit{Volvox} as a model physical system, we perform the first direct measurements that deconvolve a swimmer's inertial impact force from its motor's propulsive force. We discover a $\sim$30 Hz propulsive pulse, the mechanical signature of collective ciliary action. This high-frequency motor output drives a fluctuating velocity in the low-$Re$ \textit{V. carteri}, but is mechanically filtered by the inertia of the larger \textit{V. ferrisii}, resulting in a smooth swimming trajectory. Our work demonstrates that for swimmers beyond the Stokes regime, kinematics are not a direct proxy for the underlying motor dynamics, a foundational assumption in the study of microscopic motility. |
| title | Direct Measurement of Inertial Impact and Propulsive Force in a Eukaryotic Swimmer |
| topic | Biological Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13013 |