Observation of a supersolid stripe state in two-dimensional dipolar gases
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912765123231744 |
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| author | He, Yifei Zhen, Haoting Parit, Mithilesh K. Huang, Mingchen Defenu, Nicolò Boronat, Jordi Sánchez-Baena, Juan Jo, Gyu-Boong |
| author_facet | He, Yifei Zhen, Haoting Parit, Mithilesh K. Huang, Mingchen Defenu, Nicolò Boronat, Jordi Sánchez-Baena, Juan Jo, Gyu-Boong |
| contents | Fluctuations typically destroy long-range order in two-dimensional (2D) systems, posing a fundamental challenge to the existence of exotic states like supersolids, which paradoxically combine solid-like structure with frictionless superfluid flow. While long-predicted, the definitive observation of a 2D supersolid has remained an outstanding experimental goal. Here, we report the observation of a supersolid stripe phase in a strongly dipolar quantum gas of erbium atoms confined to 2D. We directly image the periodic density modulation, confirming its global phase coherence through matter-wave interference and demonstrating its phase rigidity relevant to the low-energy Goldstone mode, consistent with numerical calculations. Through collective excitation measurements, we demonstrate the hydrodynamic behavior of the supersolid. This work highlights a novel mechanism for supersolid formation in low dimensions, and opens the door for future research on the intricate interplay between temperature, supersolidity, and dimensionality. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_13280 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Observation of a supersolid stripe state in two-dimensional dipolar gases He, Yifei Zhen, Haoting Parit, Mithilesh K. Huang, Mingchen Defenu, Nicolò Boronat, Jordi Sánchez-Baena, Juan Jo, Gyu-Boong Quantum Gases Atomic Physics Fluctuations typically destroy long-range order in two-dimensional (2D) systems, posing a fundamental challenge to the existence of exotic states like supersolids, which paradoxically combine solid-like structure with frictionless superfluid flow. While long-predicted, the definitive observation of a 2D supersolid has remained an outstanding experimental goal. Here, we report the observation of a supersolid stripe phase in a strongly dipolar quantum gas of erbium atoms confined to 2D. We directly image the periodic density modulation, confirming its global phase coherence through matter-wave interference and demonstrating its phase rigidity relevant to the low-energy Goldstone mode, consistent with numerical calculations. Through collective excitation measurements, we demonstrate the hydrodynamic behavior of the supersolid. This work highlights a novel mechanism for supersolid formation in low dimensions, and opens the door for future research on the intricate interplay between temperature, supersolidity, and dimensionality. |
| title | Observation of a supersolid stripe state in two-dimensional dipolar gases |
| topic | Quantum Gases Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.13280 |