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Main Author: Bhagat, Rajesh Kumar
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14049
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author Bhagat, Rajesh Kumar
author_facet Bhagat, Rajesh Kumar
contents Hydraulic jumps in thin films are traditionally explained through gravity-driven shallow-water theory, with surface tension assumed to play only a secondary role via Laplace pressure. Recent experiments, however, suggest that surface tension can be the primary mechanism. In this work we develop a theoretical framework for surface tension driven hydraulic jumps in planar thin-film flows. Starting from the full interfacial stress conditions, we show that the deviatoric component of the normal stress enters at leading order and fundamentally alters the balance. A dominant-balance analysis in the zero-gravity limit yields parameter-free governing equations, which admit a similarity solution for the velocity profile. Depth-averaged momentum conservation then reveals a singularity at unit Weber number, interpreted as the criterion for hydraulic control. This singularity is regularised by a non-trivial pressure gradient at the jump. This work establishes the theoretical basis for surface-tension-driven hydraulic jumps, providing analytical predictions for the jump location and structure.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_14049
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The influence of surface tension in thin-film hydrodynamics: gravity free planar hydraulic jumps
Bhagat, Rajesh Kumar
Fluid Dynamics
Mathematical Physics
Hydraulic jumps in thin films are traditionally explained through gravity-driven shallow-water theory, with surface tension assumed to play only a secondary role via Laplace pressure. Recent experiments, however, suggest that surface tension can be the primary mechanism. In this work we develop a theoretical framework for surface tension driven hydraulic jumps in planar thin-film flows. Starting from the full interfacial stress conditions, we show that the deviatoric component of the normal stress enters at leading order and fundamentally alters the balance. A dominant-balance analysis in the zero-gravity limit yields parameter-free governing equations, which admit a similarity solution for the velocity profile. Depth-averaged momentum conservation then reveals a singularity at unit Weber number, interpreted as the criterion for hydraulic control. This singularity is regularised by a non-trivial pressure gradient at the jump. This work establishes the theoretical basis for surface-tension-driven hydraulic jumps, providing analytical predictions for the jump location and structure.
title The influence of surface tension in thin-film hydrodynamics: gravity free planar hydraulic jumps
topic Fluid Dynamics
Mathematical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14049