Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30-40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: Northern Local Star-forming Dwarf Galaxies. Analogues of the First Galaxies and Probes of the Cosmic Metallicity Scale

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Esteban, C., Vilchez, J. M., García-Rojas, J., Amorín, R., Arellano-Córdova, K. Z., Carigi, L., Cullen, F., Egorov, O. V., Flury, S. R., Iglesias-Páramo, J., Kehrig, C., Kreckel, K., Méndez-Delgado, J. E., Pérez-Montero, E., Rosales-Ortega, F. F., Scholte, D., Stanton, T. M., Villaver, E.
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866908717303201792
author	Esteban, C. Vilchez, J. M. García-Rojas, J. Amorín, R. Arellano-Córdova, K. Z. Carigi, L. Cullen, F. Egorov, O. V. Flury, S. R. Iglesias-Páramo, J. Kehrig, C. Kreckel, K. Méndez-Delgado, J. E. Pérez-Montero, E. Rosales-Ortega, F. F. Scholte, D. Stanton, T. M. Villaver, E.
author_facet	Esteban, C. Vilchez, J. M. García-Rojas, J. Amorín, R. Arellano-Córdova, K. Z. Carigi, L. Cullen, F. Egorov, O. V. Flury, S. R. Iglesias-Páramo, J. Kehrig, C. Kreckel, K. Méndez-Delgado, J. E. Pérez-Montero, E. Rosales-Ortega, F. F. Scholte, D. Stanton, T. M. Villaver, E.
contents	Star-forming dwarf galaxies in the local Universe, especially extremely metal-poor ones, can be considered analogous to early galaxies of the Epoch of Reionization (z >= 6). Currently available telescopes cannot adequately detect and measure heavy element recombination lines and certain faint collisionally excited lines, which are essential for exploring the effects and biases that potential inhomogeneities in electron temperature and density of the ionized gas may have on determining the chemical composition of these galaxies. On the other hand, the origin of very high-ionization lines (e.g. He II, [Ne V], C IV]) measured in the spectra of an important fraction of these objects remains unknown and a challenge to current stellar models, suggesting the presence of Population III-like stars and/or the existence of non-conventional ionizing sources. Obtaining very deep spectra for a selected sample of local star-forming dwarf galaxies would provide unprecedented constraints on their nature, ionization and true chemical abundances, and could change the metallicity scale we assume to understand the chemical evolution of galaxies over cosmic time.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_14790
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30-40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: Northern Local Star-forming Dwarf Galaxies. Analogues of the First Galaxies and Probes of the Cosmic Metallicity Scale Esteban, C. Vilchez, J. M. García-Rojas, J. Amorín, R. Arellano-Córdova, K. Z. Carigi, L. Cullen, F. Egorov, O. V. Flury, S. R. Iglesias-Páramo, J. Kehrig, C. Kreckel, K. Méndez-Delgado, J. E. Pérez-Montero, E. Rosales-Ortega, F. F. Scholte, D. Stanton, T. M. Villaver, E. Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Star-forming dwarf galaxies in the local Universe, especially extremely metal-poor ones, can be considered analogous to early galaxies of the Epoch of Reionization (z >= 6). Currently available telescopes cannot adequately detect and measure heavy element recombination lines and certain faint collisionally excited lines, which are essential for exploring the effects and biases that potential inhomogeneities in electron temperature and density of the ionized gas may have on determining the chemical composition of these galaxies. On the other hand, the origin of very high-ionization lines (e.g. He II, [Ne V], C IV]) measured in the spectra of an important fraction of these objects remains unknown and a challenge to current stellar models, suggesting the presence of Population III-like stars and/or the existence of non-conventional ionizing sources. Obtaining very deep spectra for a selected sample of local star-forming dwarf galaxies would provide unprecedented constraints on their nature, ionization and true chemical abundances, and could change the metallicity scale we assume to understand the chemical evolution of galaxies over cosmic time.
title	Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30-40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: Northern Local Star-forming Dwarf Galaxies. Analogues of the First Galaxies and Probes of the Cosmic Metallicity Scale
topic	Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.14790