The art of simulating the early Universe. Part II. Non-canonical cases & gravitational waves
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915737495404544 |
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| author | Baeza-Ballesteros, Jorge Figueroa, Daniel G. Florio, Adrien Lizarraga, Joanes Loayza, Nicolás Marschall, Kenneth Opferkuch, Toby Stefanek, Ben A. Torrentí, Francisco Urio, Ander |
| author_facet | Baeza-Ballesteros, Jorge Figueroa, Daniel G. Florio, Adrien Lizarraga, Joanes Loayza, Nicolás Marschall, Kenneth Opferkuch, Toby Stefanek, Ben A. Torrentí, Francisco Urio, Ander |
| contents | We present a discussion on lattice techniques for the simulation of non-canonical field theory circumstances, complementing our previous monograph (arXiv:2006.15122) on canonical cases. We begin by reviewing basic aspects of lattice field theory, including symplectic and non-symplectic evolution algorithms. We then introduce lattice implementations of non-canonical interactions, considering scalars with a non-minimal coupling to gravity, $ϕ^2R$, non-minimal scalar kinetic theories, $\mathcal{G}_{ab}(\lbraceϕ_c\rbrace)\partial_μϕ^a\partial^μϕ^b$, and axion-like particle (ALP) interactions with Abelian gauge fields, $ϕF_{μν}\tilde F^{μν}$. Next, we discuss methods to set up special field configurations, including the creation of cosmic defect networks towards scaling (e.g. cosmic strings and domain walls), field configurations based on arbitrary power spectra or spatial profiles, and probabilistic methods as required e.g. for thermal configurations. We further extend the notion of non-canonical theories, discussing the discretization of scalar field dynamics in $d + 1$ dimensions, with $d \neq 3$. Unrelated to non-canonical aspects, we also discuss implementation(s) of gravitational wave (GW) dynamics on the lattice. This document represents the theoretical basis for the non-canonical field theory aspects (interactions, initial conditions, dimensionality) and GW dynamics implemented in ${\mathcal C}$osmo${\mathcal L}$attice v2.0, to be released in 2026. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_15627 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The art of simulating the early Universe. Part II. Non-canonical cases & gravitational waves Baeza-Ballesteros, Jorge Figueroa, Daniel G. Florio, Adrien Lizarraga, Joanes Loayza, Nicolás Marschall, Kenneth Opferkuch, Toby Stefanek, Ben A. Torrentí, Francisco Urio, Ander Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We present a discussion on lattice techniques for the simulation of non-canonical field theory circumstances, complementing our previous monograph (arXiv:2006.15122) on canonical cases. We begin by reviewing basic aspects of lattice field theory, including symplectic and non-symplectic evolution algorithms. We then introduce lattice implementations of non-canonical interactions, considering scalars with a non-minimal coupling to gravity, $ϕ^2R$, non-minimal scalar kinetic theories, $\mathcal{G}_{ab}(\lbraceϕ_c\rbrace)\partial_μϕ^a\partial^μϕ^b$, and axion-like particle (ALP) interactions with Abelian gauge fields, $ϕF_{μν}\tilde F^{μν}$. Next, we discuss methods to set up special field configurations, including the creation of cosmic defect networks towards scaling (e.g. cosmic strings and domain walls), field configurations based on arbitrary power spectra or spatial profiles, and probabilistic methods as required e.g. for thermal configurations. We further extend the notion of non-canonical theories, discussing the discretization of scalar field dynamics in $d + 1$ dimensions, with $d \neq 3$. Unrelated to non-canonical aspects, we also discuss implementation(s) of gravitational wave (GW) dynamics on the lattice. This document represents the theoretical basis for the non-canonical field theory aspects (interactions, initial conditions, dimensionality) and GW dynamics implemented in ${\mathcal C}$osmo${\mathcal L}$attice v2.0, to be released in 2026. |
| title | The art of simulating the early Universe. Part II. Non-canonical cases & gravitational waves |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15627 |