Universal and Maximal Entanglement Swapping in General Fermionic Gaussian States
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866908719779938304 |
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| author | Fang, Jiyuan Tang, Qicheng Wen, Xueda |
| author_facet | Fang, Jiyuan Tang, Qicheng Wen, Xueda |
| contents | Exploring universal entanglement structure in many-body systems is both fundamental and challenging, particularly when the system undergoes non-unitary operations. In this work, we uncover a universal mechanism for realizing maximal entanglement swapping in fermionic Gaussian states subjected to projective Bell measurements. We consider two initially decoupled, half-filled copies of a free-fermion system in arbitrary dimensions and perform post-selective Bell measurements on half of the corresponding sites across the two copies. Remarkably, the post-measurement state factorizes into a product of Bell pairs, establishing maximal interlayer entanglement entirely independent of the initial Gaussian state. We derive this post-measurement state exactly for general particle-number-conserving fermionic Gaussian states, establishing both the validity and universality of the mechanism, with numerical simulations serving as consistency checks. This phenomenon arises from a robust interplay between fermionic statistics and Gaussianity, revealing a distinct fermionic route to measurement-induced maximal entanglement. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_15890 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Universal and Maximal Entanglement Swapping in General Fermionic Gaussian States Fang, Jiyuan Tang, Qicheng Wen, Xueda Quantum Physics Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Theory Exploring universal entanglement structure in many-body systems is both fundamental and challenging, particularly when the system undergoes non-unitary operations. In this work, we uncover a universal mechanism for realizing maximal entanglement swapping in fermionic Gaussian states subjected to projective Bell measurements. We consider two initially decoupled, half-filled copies of a free-fermion system in arbitrary dimensions and perform post-selective Bell measurements on half of the corresponding sites across the two copies. Remarkably, the post-measurement state factorizes into a product of Bell pairs, establishing maximal interlayer entanglement entirely independent of the initial Gaussian state. We derive this post-measurement state exactly for general particle-number-conserving fermionic Gaussian states, establishing both the validity and universality of the mechanism, with numerical simulations serving as consistency checks. This phenomenon arises from a robust interplay between fermionic statistics and Gaussianity, revealing a distinct fermionic route to measurement-induced maximal entanglement. |
| title | Universal and Maximal Entanglement Swapping in General Fermionic Gaussian States |
| topic | Quantum Physics Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15890 |