The Power of DESI for Photometric Redshift Calibration: A Case Study with KiDS-1000
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Blanco, Diana Leauthaud, Alexie Lange, Johannes Ulf Wright, Angus H. Hildebrandt, Hendrik Heydenreich, Sven Ravulapalli, Darshika Ratajczak, Joshua Dawson, Kyle S. McCullough, Jamie Dey, Biprateep Aguilar, Jessica N. Ahlen, Steven Anand, Abhijeet Bianchi, Davide Blake, Chris Brooks, David Castander, Francisco J. Claybaugh, Todd Cuceu, Andrei de la Macorra, Axel Della Costa, John Dey, Arjun Elliott, Ann Emas, Ni Putu Audita Placida Ferraro, Simone Font-Ribera, Andreu Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Garcia-Quintero, Cristhian Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Huterer, Dragan Ishak, Mustapha Jimenez, Jorge Joudaki, Shahab Joyce, Dick Juneau, Stephanie Kirkby, David Kremin, Anthony Krolewski, Alex Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Nadathur, Seshadri Newman, Jeffrey A. Percival, Will Porredon, Anna Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Robertson, Amy Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Saulder, Christoph Semenaite, Agne Schlegel, David Seo, Hee-Jong Silber, Joseph H. Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin A. Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu |
| author_facet | Blanco, Diana Leauthaud, Alexie Lange, Johannes Ulf Wright, Angus H. Hildebrandt, Hendrik Heydenreich, Sven Ravulapalli, Darshika Ratajczak, Joshua Dawson, Kyle S. McCullough, Jamie Dey, Biprateep Aguilar, Jessica N. Ahlen, Steven Anand, Abhijeet Bianchi, Davide Blake, Chris Brooks, David Castander, Francisco J. Claybaugh, Todd Cuceu, Andrei de la Macorra, Axel Della Costa, John Dey, Arjun Elliott, Ann Emas, Ni Putu Audita Placida Ferraro, Simone Font-Ribera, Andreu Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Garcia-Quintero, Cristhian Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Huterer, Dragan Ishak, Mustapha Jimenez, Jorge Joudaki, Shahab Joyce, Dick Juneau, Stephanie Kirkby, David Kremin, Anthony Krolewski, Alex Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Nadathur, Seshadri Newman, Jeffrey A. Percival, Will Porredon, Anna Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Robertson, Amy Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Saulder, Christoph Semenaite, Agne Schlegel, David Seo, Hee-Jong Silber, Joseph H. Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin A. Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu |
| contents | Accurate redshift estimates are a critical requirement for weak lensing surveys and one of the main uncertainties in constraints on dark energy and large-scale cosmic structure. In this paper, we study the potential to calibrate photometric redshift (photo-z) distributions for gravitational lensing using the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Since beginning its science operations in 2021, DESI has collected more than 50 million redshifts, adding about one million monthly. In addition to its large-scale structure samples, DESI has also acquired over 256k high-quality spectroscopic redshifts (spec-zs) in the COSMOS and XMM and VVDS fields. This is already a factor of 3 larger than previous spec-z calibration compilations in these two regions. Here, we explore calibrating photo-zs for the subset of KiDS-1000 galaxies that fall into joint self-organizing map (SOM) cells overlapping the DESI COSMOS footprint using the DESI COSMOS observations. Estimating the redshift distribution in KiDS-1000 with the new DESI data, we find broad consistency with previously published results while also detecting differences in the mean redshift in some tomographic bins with an average shifts of Delta Mean(z) = -0.028 in the mean and Delta Median(z) = +0.011 in the median across tomographic bins. However, we also find that incompleteness per SOM cell, i.e., groups of galaxies with similar colors and magnitudes, can modify n(z) distributions. Finally, we comment on the fact that larger photometric catalogs, aligned with the DESI COSMOS and DESI XMM and VVDS footprints, would be needed to fully exploit the DESI dataset and would extend the coverage to nearly eight times the area of existing 9-band photometry. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_15964 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Power of DESI for Photometric Redshift Calibration: A Case Study with KiDS-1000 Blanco, Diana Leauthaud, Alexie Lange, Johannes Ulf Wright, Angus H. Hildebrandt, Hendrik Heydenreich, Sven Ravulapalli, Darshika Ratajczak, Joshua Dawson, Kyle S. McCullough, Jamie Dey, Biprateep Aguilar, Jessica N. Ahlen, Steven Anand, Abhijeet Bianchi, Davide Blake, Chris Brooks, David Castander, Francisco J. Claybaugh, Todd Cuceu, Andrei de la Macorra, Axel Della Costa, John Dey, Arjun Elliott, Ann Emas, Ni Putu Audita Placida Ferraro, Simone Font-Ribera, Andreu Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Garcia-Quintero, Cristhian Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Huterer, Dragan Ishak, Mustapha Jimenez, Jorge Joudaki, Shahab Joyce, Dick Juneau, Stephanie Kirkby, David Kremin, Anthony Krolewski, Alex Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Nadathur, Seshadri Newman, Jeffrey A. Percival, Will Porredon, Anna Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Robertson, Amy Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Saulder, Christoph Semenaite, Agne Schlegel, David Seo, Hee-Jong Silber, Joseph H. Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin A. Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Accurate redshift estimates are a critical requirement for weak lensing surveys and one of the main uncertainties in constraints on dark energy and large-scale cosmic structure. In this paper, we study the potential to calibrate photometric redshift (photo-z) distributions for gravitational lensing using the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Since beginning its science operations in 2021, DESI has collected more than 50 million redshifts, adding about one million monthly. In addition to its large-scale structure samples, DESI has also acquired over 256k high-quality spectroscopic redshifts (spec-zs) in the COSMOS and XMM and VVDS fields. This is already a factor of 3 larger than previous spec-z calibration compilations in these two regions. Here, we explore calibrating photo-zs for the subset of KiDS-1000 galaxies that fall into joint self-organizing map (SOM) cells overlapping the DESI COSMOS footprint using the DESI COSMOS observations. Estimating the redshift distribution in KiDS-1000 with the new DESI data, we find broad consistency with previously published results while also detecting differences in the mean redshift in some tomographic bins with an average shifts of Delta Mean(z) = -0.028 in the mean and Delta Median(z) = +0.011 in the median across tomographic bins. However, we also find that incompleteness per SOM cell, i.e., groups of galaxies with similar colors and magnitudes, can modify n(z) distributions. Finally, we comment on the fact that larger photometric catalogs, aligned with the DESI COSMOS and DESI XMM and VVDS footprints, would be needed to fully exploit the DESI dataset and would extend the coverage to nearly eight times the area of existing 9-band photometry. |
| title | The Power of DESI for Photometric Redshift Calibration: A Case Study with KiDS-1000 |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.15964 |