Inducibility in $H$-free graphs and inducibility of Turán graphs

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Main Author: Yuster, Raphael
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Published: 2025
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author Yuster, Raphael
author_facet Yuster, Raphael
contents For graphs $F$ and $H$, let $i(F)$ denote the inducibility of $F$ and let $i_H(F)$ denote the inducibility of $F$ over $H$-free graphs. We prove that for almost all graphs $F$ on a given number of vertices, $i_{K_k}(F)$ attains infinitely many values as $k$ varies. For complete partite graphs $F$ (and, more generally, for symmetrizable families of graphs $F$), we prove that $i_H(F)=i_{K_k}(F)$ where $k=χ(H)$, and is attained by a complete $\ell$-partite graphon $W_{F,k}$, where $\ell < k$. We determine the part sizes of $W_{F,k}$ for all $k$, whence determine $i(F)$, whenever $F$ is the Turán graph on $s$ vertices and $r$ parts, for all $s \le 3r+1$, which was recently proved by Liu, Mubayi, and Reiher for $s=r+1$. As a corollary, this determines the inducibility of all Turán graphs on at most $14$ vertices. Furthermore, since inducibility is invariant under complement, this determines the inducibility of all matchings and, more generally, all graphs with maximum degree $1$, of any size. Similarly, this determines the inducibility of all triangle factors, of any size. For complete partite graphs $F$ with at most one singleton part, we prove that $i_{K_k}(F)$ only attains finitely many values as $k$ varies; in particular, there exists $t=t(F)$ such that $i(F)$ is attained by some complete $t$-partite graphon. This is best possible as it was shown by Liu, Pikhurko, Sharifzadeh, and Staden that this is not necessarily true if there are two singleton parts. Finally, for every $r$, we give a nontrivial sufficient condition for a complete $r$-partite graph $F$ to have the property that $i(F)$ is attained by a complete partite graphon all whose part sizes are distinct.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_16398
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Inducibility in $H$-free graphs and inducibility of Turán graphs
Yuster, Raphael
Combinatorics
05C35
For graphs $F$ and $H$, let $i(F)$ denote the inducibility of $F$ and let $i_H(F)$ denote the inducibility of $F$ over $H$-free graphs. We prove that for almost all graphs $F$ on a given number of vertices, $i_{K_k}(F)$ attains infinitely many values as $k$ varies. For complete partite graphs $F$ (and, more generally, for symmetrizable families of graphs $F$), we prove that $i_H(F)=i_{K_k}(F)$ where $k=χ(H)$, and is attained by a complete $\ell$-partite graphon $W_{F,k}$, where $\ell < k$. We determine the part sizes of $W_{F,k}$ for all $k$, whence determine $i(F)$, whenever $F$ is the Turán graph on $s$ vertices and $r$ parts, for all $s \le 3r+1$, which was recently proved by Liu, Mubayi, and Reiher for $s=r+1$. As a corollary, this determines the inducibility of all Turán graphs on at most $14$ vertices. Furthermore, since inducibility is invariant under complement, this determines the inducibility of all matchings and, more generally, all graphs with maximum degree $1$, of any size. Similarly, this determines the inducibility of all triangle factors, of any size. For complete partite graphs $F$ with at most one singleton part, we prove that $i_{K_k}(F)$ only attains finitely many values as $k$ varies; in particular, there exists $t=t(F)$ such that $i(F)$ is attained by some complete $t$-partite graphon. This is best possible as it was shown by Liu, Pikhurko, Sharifzadeh, and Staden that this is not necessarily true if there are two singleton parts. Finally, for every $r$, we give a nontrivial sufficient condition for a complete $r$-partite graph $F$ to have the property that $i(F)$ is attained by a complete partite graphon all whose part sizes are distinct.
title Inducibility in $H$-free graphs and inducibility of Turán graphs
topic Combinatorics
05C35
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.16398