DEER: A Benchmark for Evaluating Deep Research Agents on Expert Report Generation

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Han, Janghoon, Kim, Heegyu, Lee, Changho, Lee, Dahm, Park, Min Hyung, Song, Hosung, Choi, Stanley Jungkyu, Lee, Moontae, Lee, Honglak
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Han, Janghoon
Kim, Heegyu
Lee, Changho
Lee, Dahm
Park, Min Hyung
Song, Hosung
Choi, Stanley Jungkyu
Lee, Moontae
Lee, Honglak
author_facet Han, Janghoon
Kim, Heegyu
Lee, Changho
Lee, Dahm
Park, Min Hyung
Song, Hosung
Choi, Stanley Jungkyu
Lee, Moontae
Lee, Honglak
contents Recent advances in large language models have enabled deep research systems that generate expert-level reports through multi-step reasoning and evidence-based synthesis. However, evaluating such reports remains challenging: report quality is multifaceted, making it difficult to determine what to assess and by what criteria; LLM-based judges may miss errors that require domain expertise to identify; and because deep research relies on retrieved evidence, report-wide claim verification is also necessary. To address these issues, we propose DEER, a benchmark for evaluating expert-level deep research reports. DEER systematizes evaluation criteria with an expert-developed taxonomy (7 dimensions, 25 subdimensions) operationalized as 101 fine-grained rubric items. We also provide task-specific Expert Evaluation Guidance to support LLM-based judging. Alongside rubric-based assessment, we propose a claim verification architecture that verifies both cited and uncited claims and quantifies evidence quality. Experiments show that while current deep research systems can produce structurally plausible reports that cite external evidence, there is room for improvement in fulfilling expert-level user requests and achieving logical completeness. Beyond simple performance comparisons, DEER makes system strengths and limitations interpretable and provides diagnostic signals for improvement.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_17776
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle DEER: A Benchmark for Evaluating Deep Research Agents on Expert Report Generation
Han, Janghoon
Kim, Heegyu
Lee, Changho
Lee, Dahm
Park, Min Hyung
Song, Hosung
Choi, Stanley Jungkyu
Lee, Moontae
Lee, Honglak
Computation and Language
Recent advances in large language models have enabled deep research systems that generate expert-level reports through multi-step reasoning and evidence-based synthesis. However, evaluating such reports remains challenging: report quality is multifaceted, making it difficult to determine what to assess and by what criteria; LLM-based judges may miss errors that require domain expertise to identify; and because deep research relies on retrieved evidence, report-wide claim verification is also necessary. To address these issues, we propose DEER, a benchmark for evaluating expert-level deep research reports. DEER systematizes evaluation criteria with an expert-developed taxonomy (7 dimensions, 25 subdimensions) operationalized as 101 fine-grained rubric items. We also provide task-specific Expert Evaluation Guidance to support LLM-based judging. Alongside rubric-based assessment, we propose a claim verification architecture that verifies both cited and uncited claims and quantifies evidence quality. Experiments show that while current deep research systems can produce structurally plausible reports that cite external evidence, there is room for improvement in fulfilling expert-level user requests and achieving logical completeness. Beyond simple performance comparisons, DEER makes system strengths and limitations interpretable and provides diagnostic signals for improvement.
title DEER: A Benchmark for Evaluating Deep Research Agents on Expert Report Generation
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.17776