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Main Authors: Abbasi, Amirreza, Hooshmand, Mohsen
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.18445
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author Abbasi, Amirreza
Hooshmand, Mohsen
author_facet Abbasi, Amirreza
Hooshmand, Mohsen
contents Transformers are crucial across many AI fields, such as large language models, computer vision, and reinforcement learning. This prominence stems from the architecture's perceived universality and scalability compared to alternatives. This work examines the problem of universality in Transformers, reviews recent progress, including architectural refinements such as structural minimality and approximation rates, and surveys state-of-the-art advances that inform both theoretical and practical understanding. Our aim is to clarify what is currently known about Transformers expressiveness, separate robust guarantees from fragile ones, and identify key directions for future theoretical research.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_18445
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle On the Universality of Transformer Architectures; How Much Attention Is Enough?
Abbasi, Amirreza
Hooshmand, Mohsen
Machine Learning
Transformers are crucial across many AI fields, such as large language models, computer vision, and reinforcement learning. This prominence stems from the architecture's perceived universality and scalability compared to alternatives. This work examines the problem of universality in Transformers, reviews recent progress, including architectural refinements such as structural minimality and approximation rates, and surveys state-of-the-art advances that inform both theoretical and practical understanding. Our aim is to clarify what is currently known about Transformers expressiveness, separate robust guarantees from fragile ones, and identify key directions for future theoretical research.
title On the Universality of Transformer Architectures; How Much Attention Is Enough?
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.18445