Design, simulation and performance of the resistive-anode PICOSEC Micromegas detector
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Janssens, Djunes Utrobicic, Antonija Kovacic, Marinko Lisowska, Marta Oliveri, Eraldo Brunbauer, Florian Floethner, Karl Muller, Hans De Oliveira, Rui Orlandini, Giorgio Ropelewski, Leszek Scharenberg, Lucian Schneider, Thomas van Stenis, Miranda Veenhof, Rob Papaevangelou, Thomas Aleksan, Roy Aune, Stephane Gustavsson, Thomas Kallitsopoulou, Alexandra Legou, Philippe Pomorski, Michal Scorsone, Emmanuel Sohl, Lukas Kebbiri, Mariam Tzamarias, Spyros Sampsonidis, Dimos Angelis, Yannis Maniatis, Ioannis Karakoulias, Ioannis Bortfeldt, Jonathan Vai, Ilaria Brunoldi, Matteo Fiorina, Davide Vitulo, Paolo Datta, Jaydeep Shankman, Nathan Gnanvo, Kondo Dehmelt, Klaus Kross, Brian McKisson, Jack Pandey, Akash Fanourakis, George Gallinaro, Michele Garcia, Francisco Zhou, Yi Liu, Jianbei Meng, Yue Wang, Xu Zhang, Zhiyong Lupberger, Michael Tsipolitis, Yorgos Mičetić, Maja Salamon, Krešimir White, Sebastian |
| author_facet | Janssens, Djunes Utrobicic, Antonija Kovacic, Marinko Lisowska, Marta Oliveri, Eraldo Brunbauer, Florian Floethner, Karl Muller, Hans De Oliveira, Rui Orlandini, Giorgio Ropelewski, Leszek Scharenberg, Lucian Schneider, Thomas van Stenis, Miranda Veenhof, Rob Papaevangelou, Thomas Aleksan, Roy Aune, Stephane Gustavsson, Thomas Kallitsopoulou, Alexandra Legou, Philippe Pomorski, Michal Scorsone, Emmanuel Sohl, Lukas Kebbiri, Mariam Tzamarias, Spyros Sampsonidis, Dimos Angelis, Yannis Maniatis, Ioannis Karakoulias, Ioannis Bortfeldt, Jonathan Vai, Ilaria Brunoldi, Matteo Fiorina, Davide Vitulo, Paolo Datta, Jaydeep Shankman, Nathan Gnanvo, Kondo Dehmelt, Klaus Kross, Brian McKisson, Jack Pandey, Akash Fanourakis, George Gallinaro, Michele Garcia, Francisco Zhou, Yi Liu, Jianbei Meng, Yue Wang, Xu Zhang, Zhiyong Lupberger, Michael Tsipolitis, Yorgos Mičetić, Maja Salamon, Krešimir White, Sebastian |
| contents | The PICOSEC Micromegas detector is a Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detector concept developed to achieve tens of picosecond timing resolution for charged particle detection by combining a Cherenkov radiator with a two-stage Micromegas amplification structure. To improve operational robustness, a resistive anode has been implemented using a DLC layer deposited on a Kapton substrate. While this design enhances detector stability, the resistive layer may influence rate capability, signal formation, and detector capacitance, altering timing performance.
This work presents a comprehensive study of a resistive design, including an analytical model and finite-element simulations to quantify rate-dependent gain reduction due to ohmic voltage drop on the resistive layer. An analytical solution for the voltage across a finite-size resistive layer is derived, and a numerical model is developed to evaluate gain suppression under intense particle fluxes. The impact of the resistive layer on signal formation is investigated using time-dependent weighting fields and the Garfield++ simulation framework. The contribution of signal components induced by the resistive layer is quantified, and preservation of the signal leading edge is found for surface resistivities above 100 kohm per square.
Single-channel resistive-anode prototypes were designed, constructed, and experimentally characterized. Laboratory measurements using single photoelectrons and power spectral density analysis show the predicted reduction in signal amplitude while preserving the leading edge. Muon beam tests with CsI and DLC photocathodes demonstrate a time resolution of 11.5 ps for CsI, comparable to 11.9 ps for the metallic-anode device, showing the suitability of the resistive design for precision timing applications. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_19120 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Design, simulation and performance of the resistive-anode PICOSEC Micromegas detector Janssens, Djunes Utrobicic, Antonija Kovacic, Marinko Lisowska, Marta Oliveri, Eraldo Brunbauer, Florian Floethner, Karl Muller, Hans De Oliveira, Rui Orlandini, Giorgio Ropelewski, Leszek Scharenberg, Lucian Schneider, Thomas van Stenis, Miranda Veenhof, Rob Papaevangelou, Thomas Aleksan, Roy Aune, Stephane Gustavsson, Thomas Kallitsopoulou, Alexandra Legou, Philippe Pomorski, Michal Scorsone, Emmanuel Sohl, Lukas Kebbiri, Mariam Tzamarias, Spyros Sampsonidis, Dimos Angelis, Yannis Maniatis, Ioannis Karakoulias, Ioannis Bortfeldt, Jonathan Vai, Ilaria Brunoldi, Matteo Fiorina, Davide Vitulo, Paolo Datta, Jaydeep Shankman, Nathan Gnanvo, Kondo Dehmelt, Klaus Kross, Brian McKisson, Jack Pandey, Akash Fanourakis, George Gallinaro, Michele Garcia, Francisco Zhou, Yi Liu, Jianbei Meng, Yue Wang, Xu Zhang, Zhiyong Lupberger, Michael Tsipolitis, Yorgos Mičetić, Maja Salamon, Krešimir White, Sebastian Instrumentation and Detectors The PICOSEC Micromegas detector is a Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detector concept developed to achieve tens of picosecond timing resolution for charged particle detection by combining a Cherenkov radiator with a two-stage Micromegas amplification structure. To improve operational robustness, a resistive anode has been implemented using a DLC layer deposited on a Kapton substrate. While this design enhances detector stability, the resistive layer may influence rate capability, signal formation, and detector capacitance, altering timing performance. This work presents a comprehensive study of a resistive design, including an analytical model and finite-element simulations to quantify rate-dependent gain reduction due to ohmic voltage drop on the resistive layer. An analytical solution for the voltage across a finite-size resistive layer is derived, and a numerical model is developed to evaluate gain suppression under intense particle fluxes. The impact of the resistive layer on signal formation is investigated using time-dependent weighting fields and the Garfield++ simulation framework. The contribution of signal components induced by the resistive layer is quantified, and preservation of the signal leading edge is found for surface resistivities above 100 kohm per square. Single-channel resistive-anode prototypes were designed, constructed, and experimentally characterized. Laboratory measurements using single photoelectrons and power spectral density analysis show the predicted reduction in signal amplitude while preserving the leading edge. Muon beam tests with CsI and DLC photocathodes demonstrate a time resolution of 11.5 ps for CsI, comparable to 11.9 ps for the metallic-anode device, showing the suitability of the resistive design for precision timing applications. |
| title | Design, simulation and performance of the resistive-anode PICOSEC Micromegas detector |
| topic | Instrumentation and Detectors |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.19120 |