Hierarchical and ultrametric barriers in the energy landscape of jammed granular matter

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Wu, Shuonan, Xie, Yuchen, Pan, Deng, Zhang, Lei, Jin, Yuliang
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Wu, Shuonan
Xie, Yuchen
Pan, Deng
Zhang, Lei
Jin, Yuliang
author_facet Wu, Shuonan
Xie, Yuchen
Pan, Deng
Zhang, Lei
Jin, Yuliang
contents According to the mean-field glass theory, the (free) energy landscape of disordered systems is hierarchical and ultrametric if they belong to the full-replica-symmetry-breaking universality class. However, examining this theoretical picture in three-dimensional systems remains challenging, where the energy barriers become finite. Here, we numerically explore the energy landscape of granular models near the jamming transition using a saddle dynamics algorithm to locate both local energy minima and saddles. The multi-scale distances and energy barriers between minima are characterized by two metrics, both of which exhibit signatures of an ultrametric space. The scale-free distribution of energy barriers reveals that the landscape is hierarchical.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_19229
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Hierarchical and ultrametric barriers in the energy landscape of jammed granular matter
Wu, Shuonan
Xie, Yuchen
Pan, Deng
Zhang, Lei
Jin, Yuliang
Soft Condensed Matter
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Statistical Mechanics
According to the mean-field glass theory, the (free) energy landscape of disordered systems is hierarchical and ultrametric if they belong to the full-replica-symmetry-breaking universality class. However, examining this theoretical picture in three-dimensional systems remains challenging, where the energy barriers become finite. Here, we numerically explore the energy landscape of granular models near the jamming transition using a saddle dynamics algorithm to locate both local energy minima and saddles. The multi-scale distances and energy barriers between minima are characterized by two metrics, both of which exhibit signatures of an ultrametric space. The scale-free distribution of energy barriers reveals that the landscape is hierarchical.
title Hierarchical and ultrametric barriers in the energy landscape of jammed granular matter
topic Soft Condensed Matter
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Statistical Mechanics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.19229