Alfvénic solar wind intervals observed by Solar Orbiter: Exploiting the capability of the SWA plasma suite and source region investigation
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | D'Amicis, R. Raines, J. M. Benella, S. Velli, M. Panasenco, O. Nicolaou, G. Owen, C. J. Dewey, R. M. Louarn, P. Fedorov, A. Lepri, S. T. Alterman, B. L. Perrone, D. De Marco, R. Bruno, R. Sorriso-Valvo, L. Dhamane, O. S. Rivera, Y. Kieokaew, O. R. Verscharen, D. Consolini, G. Yardley, S. Réville, V. Telloni, D. Baker, D. Lewis, G. Watson, G. Anekallu, C. Darwish, K. Prech, L. Livi, S. Horbury, T. Mele, G. Fortunato, V. Monti, F. |
| author_facet | D'Amicis, R. Raines, J. M. Benella, S. Velli, M. Panasenco, O. Nicolaou, G. Owen, C. J. Dewey, R. M. Louarn, P. Fedorov, A. Lepri, S. T. Alterman, B. L. Perrone, D. De Marco, R. Bruno, R. Sorriso-Valvo, L. Dhamane, O. S. Rivera, Y. Kieokaew, O. R. Verscharen, D. Consolini, G. Yardley, S. Réville, V. Telloni, D. Baker, D. Lewis, G. Watson, G. Anekallu, C. Darwish, K. Prech, L. Livi, S. Horbury, T. Mele, G. Fortunato, V. Monti, F. |
| contents | Fast and slow solar wind have distinct properties linked to their solar sources.Alfvénic slow wind complicates the usual speed-based classification, especially at intermediate speeds. Solar Orbiter's Solar Wind Analyzer (SWA) offers unique capabilities to investigate how Alfvénic slow wind differs from fast wind and relate these differences to their solar origins. In September 2022, Solar Orbiter observed several Alfvénic streams: one fast wind, three Alfvénic slow wind (AS1, AS2, AS3), and a moderate fast (FH) interval. We analyze these streams, combining plasma parameters from all SWA sensors with magnetic field measurements from the Magnetometer (MAG). A spectral analysis of magnetic and velocity fluctuations is used to characterize Alfvénicity. The magnetic connectivity of each stream to its solar source is examined using Potential Field Source Surface extrapolation combined with ballistic backmapping from the spacecraft. Proton velocity distribution functions show anisotropies and field-aligned beams characteristic of Alfvénic streams, while electron pitch-angle distributions reveal clear strahl populations. Oxygen and carbon charge-state ratios are low in fast wind but higher in AS1-AS3, consistent with slow wind origins. Magnetic connectivity suggests the fast wind originates from a large coronal hole; AS1 links to a pseudostreamer with high expansion factor; AS2, AS3, and FH connect to a negative-polarity coronal hole whose field lines cross a pseudostreamer that later dissipates. Spectral analysis indicates near energy equipartition in all intervals except AS2. The combined SWA observations offer key insights into the physical processes shaping Alfvénic solar wind streams. Our results reinforce that the simple fast/slow wind classification is inadequate for linking solar wind to sources, and suggest that Alfvénicity relates to the solar source conditions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_20098 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Alfvénic solar wind intervals observed by Solar Orbiter: Exploiting the capability of the SWA plasma suite and source region investigation D'Amicis, R. Raines, J. M. Benella, S. Velli, M. Panasenco, O. Nicolaou, G. Owen, C. J. Dewey, R. M. Louarn, P. Fedorov, A. Lepri, S. T. Alterman, B. L. Perrone, D. De Marco, R. Bruno, R. Sorriso-Valvo, L. Dhamane, O. S. Rivera, Y. Kieokaew, O. R. Verscharen, D. Consolini, G. Yardley, S. Réville, V. Telloni, D. Baker, D. Lewis, G. Watson, G. Anekallu, C. Darwish, K. Prech, L. Livi, S. Horbury, T. Mele, G. Fortunato, V. Monti, F. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Space Physics Fast and slow solar wind have distinct properties linked to their solar sources.Alfvénic slow wind complicates the usual speed-based classification, especially at intermediate speeds. Solar Orbiter's Solar Wind Analyzer (SWA) offers unique capabilities to investigate how Alfvénic slow wind differs from fast wind and relate these differences to their solar origins. In September 2022, Solar Orbiter observed several Alfvénic streams: one fast wind, three Alfvénic slow wind (AS1, AS2, AS3), and a moderate fast (FH) interval. We analyze these streams, combining plasma parameters from all SWA sensors with magnetic field measurements from the Magnetometer (MAG). A spectral analysis of magnetic and velocity fluctuations is used to characterize Alfvénicity. The magnetic connectivity of each stream to its solar source is examined using Potential Field Source Surface extrapolation combined with ballistic backmapping from the spacecraft. Proton velocity distribution functions show anisotropies and field-aligned beams characteristic of Alfvénic streams, while electron pitch-angle distributions reveal clear strahl populations. Oxygen and carbon charge-state ratios are low in fast wind but higher in AS1-AS3, consistent with slow wind origins. Magnetic connectivity suggests the fast wind originates from a large coronal hole; AS1 links to a pseudostreamer with high expansion factor; AS2, AS3, and FH connect to a negative-polarity coronal hole whose field lines cross a pseudostreamer that later dissipates. Spectral analysis indicates near energy equipartition in all intervals except AS2. The combined SWA observations offer key insights into the physical processes shaping Alfvénic solar wind streams. Our results reinforce that the simple fast/slow wind classification is inadequate for linking solar wind to sources, and suggest that Alfvénicity relates to the solar source conditions. |
| title | Alfvénic solar wind intervals observed by Solar Orbiter: Exploiting the capability of the SWA plasma suite and source region investigation |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Space Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20098 |