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Main Authors: Majerz, Emilia, Dzwinel, Witold, Kitowski, Jacek
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20346
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author Majerz, Emilia
Dzwinel, Witold
Kitowski, Jacek
author_facet Majerz, Emilia
Dzwinel, Witold
Kitowski, Jacek
contents Physics-based machine learning blends traditional science with modern data-driven techniques. Rather than relying exclusively on empirical data or predefined equations, this methodology embeds domain knowledge directly into the learning process, resulting in models that are both more accurate and robust. We leverage this paradigm to accelerate simulations of the Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) of the ALICE experiment at CERN. Our method introduces a novel loss function and an output variability-based scaling mechanism, which enhance the model's capability to accurately represent the spatial distribution and morphology of particle showers in detector outputs while mitigating the influence of rare artefacts on the training. Leveraging Normalizing Flows (NFs) in a teacher-student generative framework, we demonstrate that our approach not only outperforms classic data-driven model assimilation but also yields models that are 421 times faster than existing NF implementations in ZDC simulation literature.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_20346
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Inverse Autoregressive Flows for Zero Degree Calorimeter fast simulation
Majerz, Emilia
Dzwinel, Witold
Kitowski, Jacek
Machine Learning
Physics-based machine learning blends traditional science with modern data-driven techniques. Rather than relying exclusively on empirical data or predefined equations, this methodology embeds domain knowledge directly into the learning process, resulting in models that are both more accurate and robust. We leverage this paradigm to accelerate simulations of the Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) of the ALICE experiment at CERN. Our method introduces a novel loss function and an output variability-based scaling mechanism, which enhance the model's capability to accurately represent the spatial distribution and morphology of particle showers in detector outputs while mitigating the influence of rare artefacts on the training. Leveraging Normalizing Flows (NFs) in a teacher-student generative framework, we demonstrate that our approach not only outperforms classic data-driven model assimilation but also yields models that are 421 times faster than existing NF implementations in ZDC simulation literature.
title Inverse Autoregressive Flows for Zero Degree Calorimeter fast simulation
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20346