DIAL: Direct Iterative Adversarial Learning for Realistic Multi-Turn Dialogue Simulation

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Zhu, Ziyi, Tieleman, Olivier, Stamatis, Caitlin A., Smyth, Luka, Hull, Thomas D., Cahn, Daniel R., Chen, Jinghong, Malgaroli, Matteo
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Zhu, Ziyi
Tieleman, Olivier
Stamatis, Caitlin A.
Smyth, Luka
Hull, Thomas D.
Cahn, Daniel R.
Chen, Jinghong
Malgaroli, Matteo
author_facet Zhu, Ziyi
Tieleman, Olivier
Stamatis, Caitlin A.
Smyth, Luka
Hull, Thomas D.
Cahn, Daniel R.
Chen, Jinghong
Malgaroli, Matteo
contents Realistic user simulation is crucial for training and evaluating multi-turn dialogue systems, yet creating simulators that accurately replicate human behavior remains a significant challenge. An effective simulator must expose the failure modes of the systems under evaluation. This work introduces Direct Iterative Adversarial Learning (DIAL), an adversarial framework that iteratively enhances user simulator realism through a competitive dynamic between a generator (user simulator) and a discriminator. When applied to mental health support, a domain characterized by diverse failure types and a critical dependence on realistic user behavior for failure detection, DIAL restores lexical diversity diminished by supervised fine-tuning and drastically reduces discriminator accuracy. The resulting simulator exhibits a strong correlation between simulated and real failure occurrence rates while maintaining low distributional divergence of failure modes. These findings indicate that DIAL is a promising method for developing realistic user simulators in multi-turn dialogue, facilitating reliable and cost-effective system evaluation prior to deployment.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_20773
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle DIAL: Direct Iterative Adversarial Learning for Realistic Multi-Turn Dialogue Simulation
Zhu, Ziyi
Tieleman, Olivier
Stamatis, Caitlin A.
Smyth, Luka
Hull, Thomas D.
Cahn, Daniel R.
Chen, Jinghong
Malgaroli, Matteo
Computation and Language
Realistic user simulation is crucial for training and evaluating multi-turn dialogue systems, yet creating simulators that accurately replicate human behavior remains a significant challenge. An effective simulator must expose the failure modes of the systems under evaluation. This work introduces Direct Iterative Adversarial Learning (DIAL), an adversarial framework that iteratively enhances user simulator realism through a competitive dynamic between a generator (user simulator) and a discriminator. When applied to mental health support, a domain characterized by diverse failure types and a critical dependence on realistic user behavior for failure detection, DIAL restores lexical diversity diminished by supervised fine-tuning and drastically reduces discriminator accuracy. The resulting simulator exhibits a strong correlation between simulated and real failure occurrence rates while maintaining low distributional divergence of failure modes. These findings indicate that DIAL is a promising method for developing realistic user simulators in multi-turn dialogue, facilitating reliable and cost-effective system evaluation prior to deployment.
title DIAL: Direct Iterative Adversarial Learning for Realistic Multi-Turn Dialogue Simulation
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20773