ESCHER: Efficient and Scalable Hypergraph Evolution Representation with Application to Triad Counting

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Main Authors: Shovan, S. M., Khanda, Arindam, Bhowmick, Sanjukta, Das, Sajal K.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Shovan, S. M.
Khanda, Arindam
Bhowmick, Sanjukta
Das, Sajal K.
author_facet Shovan, S. M.
Khanda, Arindam
Bhowmick, Sanjukta
Das, Sajal K.
contents Higher-order interactions beyond pairwise relationships in large complex networks are often modeled as hypergraphs. Analyzing hypergraph properties such as triad counts is essential, as hypergraphs can reveal intricate group interaction patterns that conventional graphs fail to capture. In real-world scenarios, these networks are often large and dynamic, introducing significant computational challenges. Due to the absence of specialized software packages and data structures, the analysis of large dynamic hypergraphs remains largely unexplored. Motivated by this gap, we propose ESCHER, a GPU-centric parallel data structure for Efficient and Scalable Hypergraph Evolution Representation, designed to manage large scale hypergraph dynamics efficiently. We also design a hypergraph triad-count update framework that minimizes redundant computation while fully leveraging the capabilities of ESCHER for dynamic operations. We validate the efficacy of our approach across multiple categories of hypergraph triad counting, including hyperedge-based, incident-vertex-based, and temporal triads. Empirical results on both large real-world and synthetic datasets demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving speedups of up to 104.5x, 473.7x, and 112.5x for hyperedge-based, incident-vertex-based, and temporal triad types, respectively.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_21009
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle ESCHER: Efficient and Scalable Hypergraph Evolution Representation with Application to Triad Counting
Shovan, S. M.
Khanda, Arindam
Bhowmick, Sanjukta
Das, Sajal K.
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Data Structures and Algorithms
Higher-order interactions beyond pairwise relationships in large complex networks are often modeled as hypergraphs. Analyzing hypergraph properties such as triad counts is essential, as hypergraphs can reveal intricate group interaction patterns that conventional graphs fail to capture. In real-world scenarios, these networks are often large and dynamic, introducing significant computational challenges. Due to the absence of specialized software packages and data structures, the analysis of large dynamic hypergraphs remains largely unexplored. Motivated by this gap, we propose ESCHER, a GPU-centric parallel data structure for Efficient and Scalable Hypergraph Evolution Representation, designed to manage large scale hypergraph dynamics efficiently. We also design a hypergraph triad-count update framework that minimizes redundant computation while fully leveraging the capabilities of ESCHER for dynamic operations. We validate the efficacy of our approach across multiple categories of hypergraph triad counting, including hyperedge-based, incident-vertex-based, and temporal triads. Empirical results on both large real-world and synthetic datasets demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving speedups of up to 104.5x, 473.7x, and 112.5x for hyperedge-based, incident-vertex-based, and temporal triad types, respectively.
title ESCHER: Efficient and Scalable Hypergraph Evolution Representation with Application to Triad Counting
topic Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Data Structures and Algorithms
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.21009