All-optical control and multiplexed readout of multiple superconducting qubits
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866911337622274048 |
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| author | Pan, Xiaoxuan Ma, Chuanlong Wang, Jia-Qi Zhu, Zheng-Xu Li, Linze Chen, Jiajun Yang, Yuan-Hao Zhou, Yilong Zou, Jia-Hua Xu, Xin-Biao Wang, Weiting Chen, Baile Yu, Haifeng Zou, Chang-Ling Sun, Luyan |
| author_facet | Pan, Xiaoxuan Ma, Chuanlong Wang, Jia-Qi Zhu, Zheng-Xu Li, Linze Chen, Jiajun Yang, Yuan-Hao Zhou, Yilong Zou, Jia-Hua Xu, Xin-Biao Wang, Weiting Chen, Baile Yu, Haifeng Zou, Chang-Ling Sun, Luyan |
| contents | Superconducting quantum circuits operate at millikelvin temperatures, typically requiring independent microwave cables for each qubit for connecting room-temperature control and readout electronics. However, scaling to large-scale processors hosting hundreds of qubits faces a severe input/output (I/O) bottleneck, as the dense cable arrays impose prohibitive constraints on physical footprint, thermal load, wiring complexity, and cost. Here we demonstrate a complete optical I/O architecture for superconducting quantum circuits, in which all control and readout signals are transmitted exclusively via optical photons. Employing a broadband traveling-wave Brillouin microwave-to-optical transducer, we achieve simultaneous frequency-multiplexed optical readout of two qubits. Combined with fiber-integrated photodiode arrays for control signal delivery, this closed-loop optical I/O introduces no measurable degradation to qubit coherence times, with an optically driven single-qubit gate fidelity showing only a 0.19% reduction relative to standard microwave operation. These results establish optical interconnects as a viable path toward large-scale superconducting quantum processors, and open the possibility of networking multiple superconducting quantum computers housed in separate dilution refrigerators through a centralized room-temperature control infrastructure. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_21199 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | All-optical control and multiplexed readout of multiple superconducting qubits Pan, Xiaoxuan Ma, Chuanlong Wang, Jia-Qi Zhu, Zheng-Xu Li, Linze Chen, Jiajun Yang, Yuan-Hao Zhou, Yilong Zou, Jia-Hua Xu, Xin-Biao Wang, Weiting Chen, Baile Yu, Haifeng Zou, Chang-Ling Sun, Luyan Quantum Physics Optics Superconducting quantum circuits operate at millikelvin temperatures, typically requiring independent microwave cables for each qubit for connecting room-temperature control and readout electronics. However, scaling to large-scale processors hosting hundreds of qubits faces a severe input/output (I/O) bottleneck, as the dense cable arrays impose prohibitive constraints on physical footprint, thermal load, wiring complexity, and cost. Here we demonstrate a complete optical I/O architecture for superconducting quantum circuits, in which all control and readout signals are transmitted exclusively via optical photons. Employing a broadband traveling-wave Brillouin microwave-to-optical transducer, we achieve simultaneous frequency-multiplexed optical readout of two qubits. Combined with fiber-integrated photodiode arrays for control signal delivery, this closed-loop optical I/O introduces no measurable degradation to qubit coherence times, with an optically driven single-qubit gate fidelity showing only a 0.19% reduction relative to standard microwave operation. These results establish optical interconnects as a viable path toward large-scale superconducting quantum processors, and open the possibility of networking multiple superconducting quantum computers housed in separate dilution refrigerators through a centralized room-temperature control infrastructure. |
| title | All-optical control and multiplexed readout of multiple superconducting qubits |
| topic | Quantum Physics Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.21199 |