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| Format: | Preprint |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2025
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.23081 |
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| _version_ | 1866915697907466240 |
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| author | Khan, Taha Saeed |
| author_facet | Khan, Taha Saeed |
| contents | Synchronization in power systems is traditionally achieved through physical network coupling, whereby inverter-based resources (IBRs) and synchronous machines converge to a common frequency via oscillatory swing dynamics. In conventional operation, secondary control acts on a slow time scale and is typically engaged only after the primary dynamics have largely settled. As a result, in the absence of an explicit global reference, disturbances can induce prolonged transients and large phase excursions. This work considers a setting in which the total active power balance is known and maintained at all times, and proposes a control architecture for virtual synchronous machine (VSM) based inverters in which all units track a broadcast global frequency reference. Under this assumption, synchronization is transformed from a mutual oscillator locking problem into a reference tracking problem. Using a second order swing network model, we show that embedding a simple proportional integral (PI) frequency controller can significantly improves transient behavior. A washout mechanism ensures that the additional control action vanishes in steady state, thereby preserving network determined power sharing. Simulations on a three oscillator network demonstrate reduced frequency overshoot, elimination of underdamped oscillations, and lower angular stress compared to conventional open loop synchronization, highlighting the effectiveness of a global frequency reference as a coordination mechanism for grid-forming inverter networks. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_23081 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Global Frequency Reference Tracking as an Oscillation Suppression Mechanism in VSM Primary Control: A Coupled-Oscillator Study Khan, Taha Saeed Systems and Control Synchronization in power systems is traditionally achieved through physical network coupling, whereby inverter-based resources (IBRs) and synchronous machines converge to a common frequency via oscillatory swing dynamics. In conventional operation, secondary control acts on a slow time scale and is typically engaged only after the primary dynamics have largely settled. As a result, in the absence of an explicit global reference, disturbances can induce prolonged transients and large phase excursions. This work considers a setting in which the total active power balance is known and maintained at all times, and proposes a control architecture for virtual synchronous machine (VSM) based inverters in which all units track a broadcast global frequency reference. Under this assumption, synchronization is transformed from a mutual oscillator locking problem into a reference tracking problem. Using a second order swing network model, we show that embedding a simple proportional integral (PI) frequency controller can significantly improves transient behavior. A washout mechanism ensures that the additional control action vanishes in steady state, thereby preserving network determined power sharing. Simulations on a three oscillator network demonstrate reduced frequency overshoot, elimination of underdamped oscillations, and lower angular stress compared to conventional open loop synchronization, highlighting the effectiveness of a global frequency reference as a coordination mechanism for grid-forming inverter networks. |
| title | Global Frequency Reference Tracking as an Oscillation Suppression Mechanism in VSM Primary Control: A Coupled-Oscillator Study |
| topic | Systems and Control |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.23081 |