Complex scalar dark matter with effective Higgs portals beyond radiation domination
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915697985060864 |
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| author | Mitra, Manimala Pradhan, Dipankar Saha, Subham |
| author_facet | Mitra, Manimala Pradhan, Dipankar Saha, Subham |
| contents | The increasingly stringent bounds on the Higgs-portal coupling, arising from dark matter (DM) direct-detection searches, confront the minimal renormalizable complex scalar DM scenario with thermal production, where freeze-out occurs in the standard radiation-dominated era. This limitation can be alleviated by introducing a dimension-5 Higgs-portal operator in the minimal renormalizable complex scalar DM model and/or by modifying the standard cosmological history of the Universe. In this article, we analyze complex scalar DM production in both the reheating and radiation-dominated epochs within an effective field theory (EFT) framework. While both scenarios exhibit sizeable regions of parameter space consistent with existing constraints, freeze-out during reheating opens up additional viable regions that are otherwise ruled out by DM overabundance in the radiation-dominated scenario. Notably, the renormalizable Higgs-portal coupling is constrained by relic density, direct- and indirect-detection limits, whereas the EFT coupling associated with the dimension-5 operator is constrained by relic density and indirect-detection bounds arising from DM semi-annihilation. We further study the production cross section of complex scalar DM at hadron and lepton colliders. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_23228 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Complex scalar dark matter with effective Higgs portals beyond radiation domination Mitra, Manimala Pradhan, Dipankar Saha, Subham High Energy Physics - Phenomenology The increasingly stringent bounds on the Higgs-portal coupling, arising from dark matter (DM) direct-detection searches, confront the minimal renormalizable complex scalar DM scenario with thermal production, where freeze-out occurs in the standard radiation-dominated era. This limitation can be alleviated by introducing a dimension-5 Higgs-portal operator in the minimal renormalizable complex scalar DM model and/or by modifying the standard cosmological history of the Universe. In this article, we analyze complex scalar DM production in both the reheating and radiation-dominated epochs within an effective field theory (EFT) framework. While both scenarios exhibit sizeable regions of parameter space consistent with existing constraints, freeze-out during reheating opens up additional viable regions that are otherwise ruled out by DM overabundance in the radiation-dominated scenario. Notably, the renormalizable Higgs-portal coupling is constrained by relic density, direct- and indirect-detection limits, whereas the EFT coupling associated with the dimension-5 operator is constrained by relic density and indirect-detection bounds arising from DM semi-annihilation. We further study the production cross section of complex scalar DM at hadron and lepton colliders. |
| title | Complex scalar dark matter with effective Higgs portals beyond radiation domination |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.23228 |