Ergodicity breaking meets criticality in a gauge-theory quantum simulator
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915699395395584 |
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| author | Hudomal, Ana Daniel, Aiden Santo, Tiago Santiago do Espirito Kornjača, Milan Macrì, Tommaso Halimeh, Jad C. Su, Guo-Xian Balaž, Antun Papić, Zlatko |
| author_facet | Hudomal, Ana Daniel, Aiden Santo, Tiago Santiago do Espirito Kornjača, Milan Macrì, Tommaso Halimeh, Jad C. Su, Guo-Xian Balaž, Antun Papić, Zlatko |
| contents | Recent advances in quantum simulations have opened access to the real-time dynamics of lattice gauge theories, providing a new setting to explore how quantum criticality influences thermalization and ergodicity far from equilibrium. Using QuEra's programmable Rydberg atom array, we map out the dynamical phase diagram of the spin-1/2 U(1) quantum link model in one spatial dimension by quenching the fermion mass. We reveal a tunable regime of ergodicity breaking due to quantum many-body scars, manifested as long-lived coherent oscillations that persist across a much broader range of parameters than previously observed, including at the equilibrium phase transition point. We further analyze the electron-positron pairs generated during state preparation via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, which strongly affect the post-quench dynamics. Our results provide new insights into nonthermal dynamics in lattice gauge theories and establish Rydberg atom arrays as a powerful platform for probing the interplay between ergodicity breaking and quantum criticality. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2512_23794 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Ergodicity breaking meets criticality in a gauge-theory quantum simulator Hudomal, Ana Daniel, Aiden Santo, Tiago Santiago do Espirito Kornjača, Milan Macrì, Tommaso Halimeh, Jad C. Su, Guo-Xian Balaž, Antun Papić, Zlatko Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics Strongly Correlated Electrons High Energy Physics - Lattice Quantum Physics Recent advances in quantum simulations have opened access to the real-time dynamics of lattice gauge theories, providing a new setting to explore how quantum criticality influences thermalization and ergodicity far from equilibrium. Using QuEra's programmable Rydberg atom array, we map out the dynamical phase diagram of the spin-1/2 U(1) quantum link model in one spatial dimension by quenching the fermion mass. We reveal a tunable regime of ergodicity breaking due to quantum many-body scars, manifested as long-lived coherent oscillations that persist across a much broader range of parameters than previously observed, including at the equilibrium phase transition point. We further analyze the electron-positron pairs generated during state preparation via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, which strongly affect the post-quench dynamics. Our results provide new insights into nonthermal dynamics in lattice gauge theories and establish Rydberg atom arrays as a powerful platform for probing the interplay between ergodicity breaking and quantum criticality. |
| title | Ergodicity breaking meets criticality in a gauge-theory quantum simulator |
| topic | Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics Strongly Correlated Electrons High Energy Physics - Lattice Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.23794 |