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Main Authors: Sarubi, Tailan S., Zamora, Santiago, Alves, Moisés, Alves, Vinícius F., Viswanathan, Gandhi, Chaves, Rafael
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00077
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author Sarubi, Tailan S.
Zamora, Santiago
Alves, Moisés
Alves, Vinícius F.
Viswanathan, Gandhi
Chaves, Rafael
author_facet Sarubi, Tailan S.
Zamora, Santiago
Alves, Moisés
Alves, Vinícius F.
Viswanathan, Gandhi
Chaves, Rafael
contents This article provides a comprehensive review of the critical role of detection efficiency in demonstrating non-classicality across various device-independent and semi-device-independent scenarios. The central focus is the detection loophole, a challenge in which imperfect detectors can allow classical hidden variable models to mimic quantum correlations, thus masking genuine non-classicality. As a review, the article revisits the paradigmatic Bell scenario, detailing the efficiency requirements for the CHSH inequality, such as the 2/3 threshold for symmetric efficiencies, and traces the historical trajectory toward the first loophole-free tests. The analysis extends to other causal structures to explore how efficiency requirements are affected in different contexts. These include the instrumental scenario, which for binary variables has recently been shown to follow the same inefficiency bounds as the bipartite dichotomic Bell scenario; the prepare-and-measure scenario, where inefficiencies impact the certification of a quantum system's dimension and create security breaches in protocols such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD); and the bilocality scenario, which exemplifies how employing multiple independent sources can significantly relax the required efficiencies to certify non-classical correlations.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_00077
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Detection Efficiency Bounds in (Semi-)Device-Independent Scenarios
Sarubi, Tailan S.
Zamora, Santiago
Alves, Moisés
Alves, Vinícius F.
Viswanathan, Gandhi
Chaves, Rafael
Quantum Physics
This article provides a comprehensive review of the critical role of detection efficiency in demonstrating non-classicality across various device-independent and semi-device-independent scenarios. The central focus is the detection loophole, a challenge in which imperfect detectors can allow classical hidden variable models to mimic quantum correlations, thus masking genuine non-classicality. As a review, the article revisits the paradigmatic Bell scenario, detailing the efficiency requirements for the CHSH inequality, such as the 2/3 threshold for symmetric efficiencies, and traces the historical trajectory toward the first loophole-free tests. The analysis extends to other causal structures to explore how efficiency requirements are affected in different contexts. These include the instrumental scenario, which for binary variables has recently been shown to follow the same inefficiency bounds as the bipartite dichotomic Bell scenario; the prepare-and-measure scenario, where inefficiencies impact the certification of a quantum system's dimension and create security breaches in protocols such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD); and the bilocality scenario, which exemplifies how employing multiple independent sources can significantly relax the required efficiencies to certify non-classical correlations.
title Detection Efficiency Bounds in (Semi-)Device-Independent Scenarios
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00077