ActErase: A Training-Free Paradigm for Precise Concept Erasure via Activation Redirection
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866910092379553792 |
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| author | Sun, Yi Zhong, Xinhao Li, Hongyan Zhou, Yimin Li, Junhao Chen, Bin Wang, Xuan |
| author_facet | Sun, Yi Zhong, Xinhao Li, Hongyan Zhou, Yimin Li, Junhao Chen, Bin Wang, Xuan |
| contents | Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable generation capabilities, yet they raise significant concerns regarding safety, copyright, and ethical implications. Existing concept erasure methods address these risks by removing sensitive concepts from pre-trained models, but most of them rely on data-intensive and computationally expensive fine-tuning, which poses a critical limitation. To overcome these challenges, inspired by the observation that the model's activations are predominantly composed of generic concepts, with only a minimal component can represent the target concept, we propose a novel training-free method (ActErase) for efficient concept erasure. Specifically, the proposed method operates by identifying activation difference regions via prompt-pair analysis, extracting target activations and dynamically replacing input activations during forward passes. Comprehensive evaluations across three critical erasure tasks (nudity, artistic style, and object removal) demonstrates that our training-free method achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) erasure performance, while effectively preserving the model's overall generative capability. Our approach also exhibits strong robustness against adversarial attacks, establishing a new plug-and-play paradigm for lightweight yet effective concept manipulation in diffusion models. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_00267 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | ActErase: A Training-Free Paradigm for Precise Concept Erasure via Activation Redirection Sun, Yi Zhong, Xinhao Li, Hongyan Zhou, Yimin Li, Junhao Chen, Bin Wang, Xuan Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable generation capabilities, yet they raise significant concerns regarding safety, copyright, and ethical implications. Existing concept erasure methods address these risks by removing sensitive concepts from pre-trained models, but most of them rely on data-intensive and computationally expensive fine-tuning, which poses a critical limitation. To overcome these challenges, inspired by the observation that the model's activations are predominantly composed of generic concepts, with only a minimal component can represent the target concept, we propose a novel training-free method (ActErase) for efficient concept erasure. Specifically, the proposed method operates by identifying activation difference regions via prompt-pair analysis, extracting target activations and dynamically replacing input activations during forward passes. Comprehensive evaluations across three critical erasure tasks (nudity, artistic style, and object removal) demonstrates that our training-free method achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) erasure performance, while effectively preserving the model's overall generative capability. Our approach also exhibits strong robustness against adversarial attacks, establishing a new plug-and-play paradigm for lightweight yet effective concept manipulation in diffusion models. |
| title | ActErase: A Training-Free Paradigm for Precise Concept Erasure via Activation Redirection |
| topic | Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00267 |